Coaching and Counselling Skills for a Manager free essay sample

Chiefs linger in instructing or directing in light of the fact that theyre terrified of offending †¢Coaching or guiding documentation is conflicting or nonexistent in light of the fact that there hasnt been reliable administration preparing led †¢Supervisors and supervisors should be increasingly confident in tending to execution issues †¢Employee advancement part of training should be improved †¢Supervisors need to completely comprehend the standards and advantages of dynamic order through a powerful administration aptitudes instructional class †¢Coaching or advising meetings end up in hurt sentiments, contentions or contradictions †¢Managers need to see how to prepare their workers better †¢Managers need to direct passionate representatives all the more successfully †¢Supervisors need to stay in charge of their feelings when guiding workers Training Solutions: †¢Improve worker execution and results through a progressively viable instruc ting and authority preparing †¢Enhance input and analysis abilities that bring about changed execution †¢Establish authoritative consistency in formal and casual disciplinary practices †¢Boost the profitability and nature of people and groups †¢Succeed with irate and enthusiastic representatives †¢Improve the inspiration and resolve of workers †¢Safely and legitimately discipline workers Make your input increasingly compelling in changing conduct and execution †¢Document worker execution, conduct and mentality securely and reliably †¢Establish and uphold predictable dynamic control rehearses †¢Choose the correct words to improve understanding and decrease preventiveness in instructing or advising †¢Document verbal and composed admonitions reliably and securely †¢Develop all the more impressive and powerful relational abilities †¢Defuse furious and passionate representatives all the more effectively †¢Handle troublesome and delicate issues all the m ore unquestionably †¢Maximize the aftereffects of successful analysis †¢Support directors and supervisors with viable initiative preparing Coaching Counseling Skills for Managers Course Outline: I. We will compose a custom paper test on Instructing and Counseling Skills for a Manager or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Building up the Foundation for Constructive Leadership 1. Setting up certainty and trust with our workers 2. Understanding the impact of the board styles on worker conduct 3. Manage various characters all the more adequately with our administration abilities preparing 4. Utilizing sound judgment rousing variables II. Training Employees for Maximum Performance 1. Making a group vision 2. Making representatives responsible and capable 3. Giving compelling positive and negative criticism 4. Utilizing criticism to change worker conduct 5. Pick the correct words for increasingly useful analysis 6. Addition their duty to improve 7. 5 stage instructing plan III. Guiding Employees to Improve Performance 1. Utilizing execution examinations to drive improvement 2. Utilizing productive versus ruinous correspondence 3. Giving and recording formal and casual verbal admonitions 4. A 5 stage guiding arrangement 5. Building up a PIP-execution improvement plan that works 6. Legitimately protected composed admonition documentation 7. Dynamic disciplinary rules IV. Troublesome Coaching Counseling Situations 1. Representatives carrying individual issues to work 2. Handle troublesome or unstable characters and practices 3. Securely fire representatives who dont improve 4. Mentor workers who are close companions or previous friends 5. Insight workers who are more seasoned than or have more status than the administrator 6. Manage incessant grumblers and gripers 7. Get familiar with the keys to training and administration

Amazon E-Business Free Essays

Amazon. Coma’s E-Business Model Monte Sutton wandered college Assignment #2 Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course BUSSES: contemporary Business Dry. Mill operator Fall 201 1 Discussion 1. We will compose a custom article test on Amazon E-Business or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of Amazons development and enhancement of business and specialization, and make suggestions about what Amazon could have done another way. The web has become a piece of most everybody day by day life for a long time now. What's more E-Business has showed up for quite a long while at this point. E-dustless alludes to directing business over the web. E-Business represents more than one-fourth of the estimation of all assembling shipments, deals and incomes, totaling $1. 3 trillion (Boone ; Kurt, 2011). In 1996 a well known retail organization In E-Business was propelled called Amazon. Com_ Amazon. Com sells different items like hardware, books, music, DVD’s, housemates, PC’s and vehicles. Amazon. Com is the greatest retailer in E-Business, It has extended Its business in excess of 220 nations. Amazon had first begun as an organization had first begun as an online book shop. While selling books Amazon was making a tolerable benefit, however Amazon authority didn't feel cap they were not getting as much cash as they had wanted to make tort the primary year _ Also a claim from Barnes and Noble provoked Amazon to concoct an approach to better Its partnership. In 1999 when the E-futile blast started Amazon Went Amazon started to develop into the universe of E-Business this was the best thing they could have done. By doing this they start to make enormous benefits and transformed into one of the world’s pioneers in E-trade. Amazon had the option to assume control over the E-Business since they started to offer to their customer’s preferable arrangements over the other E-Business organizations could offer. They were really centered around consumer loyalty. The firm uses advanced stock instruments that help minimize its expenses and permit it to sit tight at positive provider costs before putting orders. Amazon had the option to restock when no one else was restocking. As requests was tumbling off a bluff [because different retailers had put in occasion requests much earlier], they could show signs of improvement rates (Boone ; Kurt, 2011 up. 223). The proprietor Jeff Bozo comprehended that so as to stay serious around here they needed to initially concentrate on the necessities of the clients. Understanding what clients need and need is was extremely useful for the accomplishment of the organization. Likewise extended its product at a lower cost would likewise draw in more clients to arrange from Amazon. Another advantage of Amazon was that they had organization with various transportation organizations and could offer quick and exact support to their purchasers. Amazon has encountered numerous negatives evaluations from a portion of their clients on account of a portion of the blemished product they have gotten. Since Amazon has association with numerous purchasers to sell their product Amazon doesn't generally have the foggiest idea what an individual might be getting. Shoppers just realize that they requested this product from Amazon and if something isn't right Amazon ought to be liable for the item. I completely comprehend their grievance. Comprehend the consumer’s grumbling. I as of late arranged a Colby MPH player from Amazon and when I got the MPH player it didn't work. I looked everywhere throughout the web to attempt to discover a contact number for Amazon however proved unable. I called Colby and experienced some difficulty shooting methods before it was resolved that the part was inadequate. The Colby instructed me to restore the product back to Amazon and they would supplant it. Albeit once I went on Amazon site to discover how to restore the thing it was genuinely simple. I felt as if rather than me restoring the thing back to Amazon I ought to have restored the thing to Colby and they could have sent me a substitution thing. Presently I need to hold up until Amazon gets the old MPH player and the they request me another from Colby. I would suggest that Amazon discover an approach to remove the center man with the goal that buyers can get their substitution things in a speedy way. Conversation 2. Decide the effect if Amazon. Com had separated and turned into a group of brands (for instance â€Å"Amazon† for books, â€Å"Super toys† for toys, and so on ), each with an open face however totally run by a similar parent organization. Amazon may have lost a few purchasers had they would have marked themselves into a group of brands. What makes Amazon so remarkable is that an individual can go to their one site and discover all that they are searching for. The site has rolled out such a significant number of improvements to make it simpler for the purchaser to go straightforwardly to their site order what they are searching for and will e ready to see Just that item. Had Amazon would have Just separated itself into a specific brand it would have appeared as though they may have been attempting to advance a specific thing and this would have made rivalry among Amazon with its who genuinely enjoys requesting from Amazon. They would feel this is another E-Business that they are curious about working with. The simplicity of going to one site and understanding that everything at this site is all Amazon and the way that you use to arrange your product you can even now do it a similar way. To any organizations will in general think they are getting things done to improve it for the purchaser yet truth be told they are confounding the buyers. Conversation 3. Decide whether it would be feasible for Barnes and Noble or Borders to expand their business sectors similarly that Amazon. Com has. Clarify your method of reasoning. Truly I think it is truly feasible for Barnes and Noble or Borders to expand their business sectors in the equivalent was Amazon. Com has. The explanation I feel along these lines is on the grounds that the normal American purchaser we are continually searching for the following best attractive organization on the web. From the outset shoppers would be reluctant to arrange some different option from books from Barnes and Nobles or Borders. However, when the word get out that both these organizations have become and build up E-Business like Amazon they ought to have no issue with getting attractive in the E-trade business. Not all buyers are content with requesting stock from Amazon, so along these lines it will take another organization to get into the E-trade business and have a built up notoriety and more will follow. All together for Barnes and Noble and Borders to become effective they need not to attempt to copy what Amazon is as of now doing in the E-Business. They have to think of other inventive approaches to showcase their items, and furthermore attempt and offer better evaluating and preferable delivery rates over Amazon brings to the table. Like anything, from the outset business might be delayed for the two organizations since this is another endeavor for them. In any case, when the organizations see how the E-Business functions and what clients need and need I don’t for see any issues with them promoting different things other than books over the web. Conversation 4 Determine what Amazon. Mother would need to do to grow their conveyance chain to incorporate some physical outlets, and whether this would be a smart thought. With the end goal for Amazon to get into the Brick and Mortar outlet Amazon presently would need to go out and discover additionally working all through the wor ld and afterward higher more representatives to run the outlet offices around the globe. Presently Amazon as opposed to contending in the E-trade industry now they would likewise be contending in the store business. By doing this would cost Amazon more cash and could conceivable decrease the decrease in deals over the web. This would not be a smart thought for Amazon for some reasons. Activity cost to keep up a structure and a full time staff make up an enormous piece of the overhead expense. Most retail locations commission are a major piece of a salesman pay so consequently they might not have the wellbeing in the web gives more data than the agent could. Most purchasers now days go to a retail location and cost and thing at that point return home on the web and show signs of improvement bargain. Amazon is doing Just fine by residual the top E-Business on the web, References Boone, L. , Kurt, L. , (2011). Contemporary Business. Children Inc. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Step by step instructions to refer to Amazon E-Business, Papers

Masters In Social Work (Post Graduate) Power And Discrimination Essay Essay

Masters In Social Work (Post Graduate) Power And Discrimination Essay Essay Masters In Social Work (Post Graduate) Power And Discrimination Essay â€" Essay Example > Power and DiscriminationIntroduction: Professional and social guidelines and beliefs merge together when we talk about class differences and personal perspectives that professionals have regarding distinct social features. Every professional sphere has been faced by certain social evaluation based on social features such as creed, gender, social background/class, economic condition etc. Majority of the professionals from every walk of life whether in the silhouette of peer or clientele relationship have experienced powerlessness, discrimination and biasness at some point in their lives. This social differentiation on a professional level is perhaps highly dependent up on the kind of professional beliefs, values and attitude we possess. For instance, if a professional believes that capability has a lot more to do with a person rather than what he/she looks like. This may be a general perception but it would eventually help a professional in looking at the world with a broader persp ective and it can also contribute towards setting a friendly and lined-up work environment. Class and gender are perhaps the most prominent social features which are mostly used or abused within workplaces in order to move ahead professionally. For instance, a male-oriented job such as that of a manager of a particular company is typically given out to male members of the society. The reason behind it is nothing but typical views regarding women and preconceived notions regarding if they can perhaps handle the pressure of the job or if they are any competent for the job solely because they are women. This is a typical instance where gender discrimination can immediately be spotted, but on the contrary such orthodox views regarding women are altering now as more and more women are proving their worth and qualification. Therefore, the most relevant aspect that can bring about a revolution in professional world is perhaps a professional’s own beliefs, values and attitude. We look e xtensively into the most apparent social features, gender and class and how these features have the tendency to bring about massive alterations within the professional world, on an individual/practitioner basis. Social features- Gender and Class: The relevance of gender and class is usually understood when these two social features are faced with certain conflicts and used in order to prove a social norm or personal preference. Gender differences can often be seen in places where equality is not quite agreed upon, especially in the case of women. Conservative social backgrounds acknowledge women as somewhat inferior as compared to men and this is perhaps a global issue now where women are judged and oppressed on the basis of their gender alone. Furthermore, there are fields where men are also oppressed and looked down upon because they stand on a position where they are surrounded by women as their colleagues within the work place. Take an example of a male nurse, who works within a health or social care centre/organization. He is bound to feel dominated as most of the workers in the sphere of nursing/health care are women. In this case it would be quite convenient for women to oppress the few men who work within the health/social care centre. Therefore, the notion

Writing, Listening, And Listening - 999 Words

Writing, along with reading, speaking, and listening are intricate and constructive processes that require the synchronization of complex cognitive skills. At the core, writing is a process of communicating purposeful thoughts and ideas in a variety of forms for a multitude of purposes. Writing provides learners with tools for discovering, for shaping meaning, and for reaching understanding through written expression. In reflecting on my experiences as an educator and studies in literacy pedagogies, learning to write is a tool for thinking. Writing and literacy development are authentic and purposeful processes. Writing requires an intrinsic motivation and instruction should be organized in such a way that students not only learn to write but understand the importance of being able to communicate in written form both in and out of the academic setting. It is vital for educators to allow for opportunities for students to make connections and identify writing as a vital part of their life. Why do we teach students to use written language to express their thoughts and opinions? Why do we teach students to use written language to inform or to explain to a specific audience. Why do we teach students to persuade or to creatively express their thinking? We use these forms of writing to teach students that written communication is power. In a students formative years of education, written expression provides the power to learn, the power to communicate, the power to respond,Show MoreRelatedImportance Of Writing, Speaking And Listening On International Business Communication948 Words   |  4 PagesImportance Of Writing, Speaking And Listening In International Business Communication Communication is one of the basic thing in life. People may buy product and using services with communication. 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Yes or no questions andRead MoreEAT1/2 Task 1 602.8-.3 Essay1217 Words   |  5 Pageslanguage has advanced to include listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and visual representation. These components are known as the six language arts and while they are individual components they are as well interdependent. What you learn about one affects what and how you learn about the others. Listening is the foundation for speaking, reading and writing. Listening is how we interpret sounds that we hear and what those sounds mean. In the beginning listening is merely receptive. Our brainRead MoreThe Impact Of Hearing English For High School Students The Skills Of Radio Programs1747 Words   |  7 Pagesprograms. This research helps develop listening and ways of developing them in person and listen to the correct pronunciation of the word from a real person by listening to radio programs in skills. Listening is a focus on basic language skills, And to develop good listening skills in order to cope with the academic requirements of the school and learn adequate reading and writing skills. It can show better concentration and memory when working to develop good listening skills, It is a skill most prominentRead MoreThe Importance of Listening Skills in the Workplace Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment Task: Given that listening accounts for 45 per cent of time spent on communication (Eunson 2012:310), argue the importance of listening skills in the workplace. Your analysis should identify three specific listening behaviors and provide examples to demonstrate how these skills promote communication and understanding. Support your analysis with relevant communication theory and evidence from appropriate academic sources. Listening skills play a significant role in evaluatingRead MoreLanguage Arts Development Essay1695 Words   |  7 Pagesmany different aspects of learning. There are many theories that suggest the different ways that children learn, but in the end there are six key concepts that each child must master in order to be fully proficient. These are reading, writing, speaking, listening, viewing, and visually representing. These concepts build upon each other and work together to ensure that the child will have a strong educational foundation. Reading begins early in childhood and usually begins with a child learningRead MoreStrategies For Teaching Writing As A Group1634 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of group’s discussion Throughout week eight which was looking at strategies for teaching writing as a group, we presented a well-rounded daily task to the discussion board, awaiting students in our learning group to respond. It s these responses that will guide this section of the folio and my own personal reflection regarding my role in the group. From day one of our posts students has responded well. One post that was submitted by Skinner (2017) has supported my own views of literacy;Read MoreRoles And Impact Of Of Academic Listening Skills1290 Words   |  6 PagesThe roles and impacts of Academic listening skills on EAL international students in New Zealand Colleges and Universities (B) The continuous increase in the number of international students mostly from non-native English speaking countries such as China, Iran, Malaysia and India, travelling to study in New Zealand is alarming. There is a growing concern on which components of academic language skills English as an additional language (EAL) international students will require for studies, as the mediumRead MoreTalent vs Skill1090 Words   |  5 Pagesteaching covers four macro-skills needed for communicating – listening, speaking, reading and writing. Good language teachers plan lessons, and sequences of lessons, which include a mixture of all the macro-skills, rather than focusing on developing only one macro-skill at a time.    Oral skills Literacy skills Receptive skills Listening Reading Productive skills Speaking Writing Listening and speaking are oral skills. Reading and writing are literacy skills. Each week teachers should include someRead MoreListening : Listening Across Different Departments Essay1702 Words   |  7 PagesListening Across Different Departments My decision to mindfully listen to two economics classes and one communication class was an attempt to see how different the conversations and thinking were between the two disciplines. My original assumption was that the economics students were going to act more logocentric than the communication students, as we are taught to think critically in communication classes. After listening, I noticed that the professor of the economics class showed signs of logocentrism

Performance Funding A Descriptive Study - 2615 Words

Performance Funding, A Descriptive Study During the years 1979 to 2007, 26 states enacted performance funding (Harnisch 2011). According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, today 33 states use performance based funding as a source of determination for their higher education institutions. Locally, the state of Louisiana is not exempt. According to senate bill 337, the higher education commissioner must submit a proposal for outcome based funding by the end of 2015 to the Board of Regents for approval. Performance based funds are often used across the United States thus understanding this mandate is critical to the continued success of higher education institutions. The research shows both the positive and negative outcomes†¦show more content†¦Dougherty notes that the â€Å"First wave of performance funding adoption began in Tennessee in 1979, and ended in 2000, when a recession struck and caused a sharp decline in new program adoptions and the discontinuation of many existing programs. It seemed a s if performance funding had been but a passing fancy. However, beginning in 2007, another wave of performance funding arose. The first-wave programs typically involved a bonus for higher education institutions above base state funding. The performance funding bonus was relatively small, between 1 and 6 percent of base state funding for public higher education† (Dougherty and Reddy 201). This policy has been labeled â€Å"performance funding 1.0†. â€Å"The second wave of performance funding began in 2007 with two-thirds of these new programs being re-adoptions of discontinued first-wave programs. In about two-fifths of these wave 2 programs, performance funding typically did not take the form of a bonus on top of regular state funding. Rather, performance funding dollars were embedded in the base state funding for higher education. This has been dubbed â€Å"performance funding 2.0† (Dougherty and Reddy 2013). As noted by Friedel, Performance 1.0 emphasized outcome measures such

Nfl Rule Changes Free Essays

Sorry ladies but this one is for the guys. Fellas close your eyes imagine you went through college playing your favorite sport or in this case football, imagine your on defense the running back has the ball he’s about to score the game winning touchdown and just as he’s getting to run across the goal line BAM! You knock him clean off his feet before he scores and you guys win the game. But wait you hear whistles and see flags everywhere, you just got penalized for un-sportsmen like conduct, the ball is placed at the spot of the penalty and you get fined over $25,000 dollars, all because your helmet accidently hit the other player’s helmet. We will write a custom essay sample on Nfl Rule Changes or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is what the NFL has come down to people. In this speech I am going to share with you the new rules implemented into football, the type of fines you get for playing football (doing your job) and how I think football will be ruined in the next 10 years. To Begin With, according to http://www. nfl. com/rulebook over the last ten years or so football (NFL and NCAA) has been adding rules that are intended to protect players, and rules that have no significance other than to give the offense an advantage . Roughing the passer rules, illegal contact, horse collar tackling, below the waist blocks, head to head contact, and many more. Football to me is a gladiator sport played by tough strong men who play hurt and try to hurt others. It seems that lately the leagues just want high profile players scoring all the time, with no violence or defense. It’s becoming more like basketball, is the game on the decline? Also, look at the tough as nails superstars of last year, where have they gone. And if you can watch a football game from the 50? s 60? s or 70? Yes, these rules have made football rather boring. Obviously, they don’t remember names such as Mean Joe Greene, Jack Lambert, Howie Long, and others. These guys were hard hitting players. The NFL says they are looking out for the future of the players and that’s why they implement all these rules but then at the same time they lengthen the season it just doesn’t make sense. Secondly, let’s go back to the 2 011 season the infamous â€Å"lockout† where in a few short words â€Å"the NFL was going broke† thankfully they got through it and now we have football for sure until 2016. But it’s funny to see the results of the lockout till this day. Two years ago players didn’t have to worry about all these strictly enforced rules but now since the NFL needs more money you hear about all these ridiculous fines that the players get for simply just doing their job which is to play football. There are people in this world that work hard every day of their lives and most of them don’t make what football players get fined in a whole year of working. For example, according to the Bleach Report at http://bleacherreport. com players such as E. J. Henderson who was fined $5,000 for illegal use of hands, Richie Incognito was also fined for $5,000 for a facemask penalty and an additional $5,000 for an illegal chop block. Plaxico Burress  was fined $5,000 for tossing a ball into the stands after scoring a touchdown against  San Francisco; DeAngelo Williams was fined $7,500 for throwing a couple balls into the stands in their game against  New Orleans. And a real ridiculous one was Lamar Woodley who was fined $10,000 for sacking  Redskins  quarterback Jason Campbell â€Å"in an intimidating manner. I know it’s not just me who thinks these fines are ill-advised. Last, let’s talk about how I think the NFL or the game of football in general is going to change. We can all agree that football now isn’t the same football ten, twenty years ago which in some ways can be good for instance the equipment has improved in great strides but even though they are making more protective equipment they are taking the violence that I and the rest of America like that comes with the game of football. By adding all these rules that you can’t hit players a certain way, you have to use certain body parts to tackle, and even after the tackle you have all that adrenaline corseting through your veins and you can’t even express your emotions without getting penalized and as a football player I can tell you that’s unfair that’s what the people like to see the emotion. Now let’s talk about college football even they have added rules to the rule book. And as much as some of you might not think it’s a big deal it is to us defensive players, because now not only do we have to figure out what the offense is doing, where the ball is at now we have to worry about when they have the ball where to â€Å"properly† tackle them or having to wait till the receiver has â€Å"complete control† of the ball before a defensive player can hit him, how is that football if I’m letting him catch the ball I was under the impression that we don’t let them catch the ball but whatever. And according to http://www. theatlanticwire. om they are even trying to change more rules to make football â€Å"more safe† at this rate kids in college aren’t going to want to play professional football anymore which will cause a big problem cause according to NFL. com NFL merchandise makes up for 53% of its total profit. And no one will watch what is left of what the NFL calls football. To conclude, to sum up what Iâ€⠄¢m trying to say is if no one stands up to what the commissioners are trying to do with football there’s going to be a lot of changes that no one likes they need to come up with some kind of alternative to fining player and suspending the for doing their jobs. So next time you’re watching a game on TV or at the stadium and you see a player get tackled and it’s a big hit just remember the person who tackled the player is most likely going to get fined more than most people in America make in a year. And mark my words if the NFL doesn’t do something quick the fans will have a big impact and football will change as we know it. Ron, Rokhy. â€Å"NFL tackling itself with new â€Å"safety† rules. â€Å"Daily Sundial. Copyright  © 2012 – Daily Sundial, 06 09 2011. Web. 12 Feb 2013. http://sundial. csun. edu. John, Hudson. â€Å"Will the NFL’s New Hitting Rules Ruin Football?. †Ã‚  Atlantic Wire. Copyright  © 2013 by The Atlantic Monthly Group, 19 10 2010. Web. 12 Feb 2013. http://www. theatlanticwire. com. Derek, Correspondent â€Å"Is Roger Goodell Ruining Football?. †Ã‚  Bleacher Report. Copyright  © 2013 Bleacher Report, Inc, 05 04 2009. Web. 12 Feb 2013. http://bleacherreport. com. How to cite Nfl Rule Changes, Essay examples

The Battle of Tropical Islam struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia

Introduction Indonesia is ranked fourth in the world among the most populous Muslim nations. The spread of Muslim faith in Indonesia can be graded as â€Å"moderate† with the country being strategically positioned along the sea lines, which appropriately connect to the energy resources of the Middle East (Vaughn, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Battle of Tropical Islam: struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many peace consultants look at Indonesia as being the most critical partner in waging a struggle against radical Islamist Militants in South East Asia. Over time, Indonesia has continued to persue democracy and develop the realms of civil society and law under new reforms by the current president, Susilo. Nevertheless, there exist unhealed wounds caused by the abuse of human rights with the major culprit’s being the military under the r eign of former President Suharto for three decades. Islam Identity in Indonesia: The escapade Indonesia started as a secular state and managed to survive as one (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). This is because Islam in Indonesia has integrated or adapted with ancient local customs and beliefs that emanate from a moderate and benign version of Islam. The majority of Muslims in Indonesia are traditionalists; a tendency that incorporates strong elements of Sufi mysticism and pre-Islamic Javanese traditions (Haseman and Rabasa, 2002). They follow the local based law called â€Å"adat† which takes precedence over strict Islamic custom (Gocher and Vatikiotis, 2006). Additionally, Indonesia originally faced a peaceful spread of Islam that was not accompanied by force; instead, winds of Islamic reform had reached Indonesia from the Middle East gracefully uniting with the local beliefs (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). This is why rigid adherence to Islamic shariah law is found to be an unfruitful venture due to the strong mismatching foundations. During the early part of the twentieth century two different views of Islam in Indonesia started to emerge that caused a split emerged between the modernists and the more conservatives (Paris and Schwarz 1999). The modernist could not accept the integration of Islam with local customs, but demanded that Javanese Islam be purged of its non-Islamic superstitions. This division was greatly highlighted during the early years of Indonesia’s independence. This occurrence shows that even with the different ideologists about Islam that exist within Islam, there is an internal fight on superiority; each strain would want others to declare them as the true faith of Muslim. There exists the most basic fact here: Indonesia as a Muslim country has been faced with a lot of political unrest over time, with Muslim being the salient factor Indonesian Politics (Bull and Woodward, 2009). Nevertheless, after the democratic transition, many Isla mist groups both in Indonesia and the Middle East have risen up and gotten very active, some being violent and others with an approach of Islam social norms.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The irony in this happening is that Islamist groups that would otherwise have been outlawed by today’s democratic rule are being allowed to exist as active political players. The most worrying issue as far as a conflict in the minds of Muslim radicals is concerned is that war cannot be won without being fought (Peters, 2002). The idea here is that this tiff has spread to a national level, eminent before an international platform. Transnational terrorism was made active mostly after the occurrences of September 11. That very date has since then left an unforgettable mark on the whole world. Relations between different states faced a lot of tiffs with little or no benign subsequent relations whatsoever (Kadir, 2002). September 11 twisted the idea of international relations to take another course; there became a general picture of the abundance of a grudge between the extremist Islam and the Liberal, capitalist and the Christian West. Kadir (2002) explains that after the tragic occurrence, leaders of the Islamic communities in Indonesia distanced themselves from the radical Muslim faiths that would encourage terrorism, terming them as deviant faiths. The leaders of Muslim faith and the government leaders in Indonesia and South East Asia refuted to have such radical versions of Islam to spread to their countries. Nonetheless, their hopes can be seen as denial of the past political Muslim experiences of the country. This is basically because, Indonesia faced many years of Islamist military oppression where violence was clear and pronounced (Vaugh, 2009). In the same case, it is the same occurrences, which left nearly 500, 000 Indonesian dead during th e â€Å"new order† rule of President Suharto. The association of such actions with radical Muslim faith have resulted to the Indonesian Muslim leaders to have a distant attitude towards Radical Muslim faith. On the other hand, there exists a number of Radical or â€Å"fundamentalist† Muslims within Indonesia especially during periods of both Sukarno and Suharto where several attempts to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia were made (Indonesia Backgrounder, 2004). Their jubilance has been given so much media attention in recent years, which has created a misconception that Indonesian Islam, is radical. According to Fox (2004), there arose a new Islamic movement called â€Å"Hitbut Tahrir† that had foundations outside Indonesia. This group sought to revamp and attain the inclusion of global fundamentality in the Indonesian national landscape, against nationalism and state power (Fox, 2004). This notion has overshadowed the truth about Indonesian Islam, which i s actually accommodating and moderate as compared to other fundamentalist Muslim traits (Jones, 2007). Indonesia is composed of a diverse set of communities spread across thousands of islands. It is because of this that during the early years, the focus of the government was to strengthen nationalism and independence. It was during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia that Islam officially recognized (Gocher and Vatikiotis, 2006). This was a first step that would ensure future pressure on the government to accommodate Islamic political aspirations.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Battle of Tropical Islam: struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There eventually arose two major opposing Islamic parties (Masjumi and Hisbullah), which always had heated constitutional debates about the form that new Indonesia state was to take. On one hand, the Masjumi demanded tha t Islam be declared the state religion, while other groups demanded for the adoption of an Islamic state that is purely based on the Sharia law (Marshall, 2005). It was here that the government decided to marginalize those advocating the movement for an Islamic state in Indonesia because there was fear that the idea of an Islamic state would destroy Indonesia even before Independence (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). According to Geocher and Vatikiotis (2006), so as to tone-down the tension between the government and the Muslim community, there was an introduced state philosophy which insisted that the state was to be based on a single belief of a â€Å"one supreme God†. Additionally, it was also made clear that God applied not specifically only to Islam, but rather of the five known official religions: Protestantism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Catholic and Islam (Marshall, 2005). This unclear idea about the superiority and clarity of Islam created high tension between the Muslim community and the new independent government, of which it had helped install during the fight for independence. During the â€Å"New Order† regime, Islam was greatly marginalized through the oppressive centralized government at the time. The new regime was determined to establish the military as the primary broker in Indonesia. With the defeat of the communists, Muslims groups expected to be rewarded for helping the army, instead the â€Å"New Order† acted promptly to rollback abuse to the camp of the Muslims (Gocher and Vatikiotis, 2006). The Muslim were the only religious group left who had the numbers and organizational strength to compete for power with the army. Consequent events saw Suharto acting quickly to more drastically kill the Influence of Islamic idioms in to the government policies (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). In 1973, Suharto forced the merger of Muslim groups, as an attempt to kill the upcoming unrest.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result, Islamists viewed this as a potential policy that sought to view Islam as lacking the viability to influence the government policies or participate it Indonesia’s political landscape (Marshall, 2005). This was followed by an even greater blow to Muslim interests; the government’s decision to require all political and social organizations to adopt â€Å"Pancasila† as their sole ideological basis. There was a general belief by the Muslims that Pancasila sought to place man over â€Å"Allah† and that the idea was heretical (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). Gocher and Vatikiotis, (2006) summed up the New Order’s primary social achievement; Delivering Indonesia from the tangles of the vigorous tides that had sweeping the world as from the late 1970s. Nevertheless, there are critics who believe that the attempt the curb Islam in Indonesia, has made Indonesia Islamic. There are a number of forces for Islamic revivalism that has re-introduced debates on whether or not Indonesia should be an Islamic state. First, international influences from Islamic revolutions in countries like Iran have spurred up Indonesian interest in Islam (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). Additionally, the spread of Islam in campuses and the growing Islamic intellectual influences on the attitudes towards national, social and economic developments have directed such views on the basis of Islam. This force to Islamic revivalism were especially evident in the younger generation, who are seen to be more vigilant in making Muslim faith to be more applicable to life in the modern world than it already is. Lastly, political dynamics where Suharto was losing his power base as he encountered greater opposition within the ranks of the military; occurrences that twisted his arm and got him to break-ice and coincide with the Muslim groups so as to ensure that the relationship with the military stayed alive. The most alarming thing about this whole Muslim revival issue is th at, on the occurrence of the Asian crisis in the late 1997, there was no shift. More concern and precedence was given to the reviving of relations with the Muslims. This event lead to the fall of the â€Å"New order† regime that eventually saw Suharto’s thirty two years of rule come to an end. The result was a major power gap that was space enough for the Radical Islamists to step in (Marshall, 2005). According to Marshall (2005) the unexpected occurrence has brought about the resurgence of earlier Islamists ideologies and aspirations. More critical is the drastic proclamation of Indonesia as a state of Islamic religion as a defiance to Suharto’s Pancasila regime. This is proven by attempts by Muslim groups to reintroduce the â€Å"Jakarta Charter† which would allow the application of shariah law and transform Indonesia into an Islamic state. For now, they have been kept democratically at bay as the â€Å"People’s Consultative Assembly† avoi ded a direct vote on the issue, rebuffing the Islamic parties in favor of maintaining the original, more pluralist phrasing. Although the New Order has made it compulsory in the past, a number of parties have recently adopted Islam as their ideological basis instead of Pancasila. Increased freedoms in the post-Suharto period have radical strains of Muslim groups after years of being marginalized politically and socially. There has also been increase infiltration by radical international Islamist groups seeking to spread their beliefs into Indonesia. The traditional threat of shariah law in Indonesia is now back stronger than ever, and it is important to further strengthen democratic elements among mainstream Indonesian Muslims. Attempts to solve the Conflict There are basically three models of government that Indonesia can preside in; a democratic regime, a religious regime, and a democratic religious government. These different models lie in the ancient argument between the compati bility of democracy and political Islam (Berger, 1999). The traditional school of thought holds that democracy and political Islam are not compatible. It is a radical belief, that the â€Å"institutionalization of shura and ijma provides the state, which expresses the general will, with a normative role in making basic choices in people’s lives† (Safi, 2003). The idea that the state is now responsible for our salvation is now brought about as a result. As Safi (2003), explains â€Å"individual religiosity is transformed by the radicals into a communal public will, itself transformed into state control, both moral and political. This model involves the implementation of Shariah law and the transformation of an Islamic state. Scholars argue that this model is inherently inconsistent with the divine sources as Islam can only be understood through human reason; â€Å"the institution that emerges from that combination is not a theocratic state† (Berger 1999). This i s an absolute model that demands exclusivity which stops short of a pluralistic understanding of Islam. It is the revisionist school of thought that believes that democracy and Islam are only compatible in an oppressive or despotic form of government. This is happens because in most countries in the Muslim world, democracy is only practiced as the giver of proper legality (Safi, 2003). So while these countries have democratic institutions, in reality none of these processes is really observed. This was evident in the New Order regime, where Suharto was at the apex of politics in Indonesia. It is in fact these forms of regimes that push people away from such institutions to a more radical form of a complete unity between state and religion; an Islamic state. The post-revisionist school of thought now holds that there are in fact two different ways to articulate Islam and democratic regime forms without transforming into an Islamic state. This view holds that the relationship between Islam and politics was â€Å"never premised on the so-called Islamic state or the comprehensive application of the Sharia† (Berger, 1999). It rejects exclusive reliance on the religious laws in order to confirm whether or not democratic religiosity is wrong (Sadri, Sadri and Soroush, 2002). This school of thought believes that the underlying choice should be made based on the society; because in a religious society an innocently secular government would be against democracy (Sadri, Sadri and Soroush, 2002). This school of thought, believes that the success of each models depend on whether the majority is a secular or a religious one. According to Berger (1999), the former believes in the European way of keeping political authority at bay from Islam while the latter calls for clarify the relations between Muslim and politics instead of either commenting the unity or totally fragmenting them. The first model believes in a secular democratic regime, whereby there is a clear sepa ration between religion and the state. This is a valid model basically because many people believe that a democratic religious government will lack the humility to be accountable to people (Sadri, Sadri and Soroush, 2002). According to Berger (1999), Oppositions to the first model claim that â€Å"advocates of secularism will appear to be calling on their own societies to abandon their Islamic cultural and religious foundations.† They also believe that secularism came to â€Å"Islamic societies in the dubious company of Western colonialism and post-colonial hegemony.† (Berger 1999). On the other hand, the second model demands the clarification and specification of the relationship between Islam and political authority on the basis of an Islamic approach to secularism. In this model, the â€Å"protection of basic human rights, especially freedom of belief, expression, and association, is an Islamic imperative and not merely a requirement of international treaties.† (Berger 1999) One cannot forget that in democratic societies, religious tolerance is practiced, as â€Å"the path of examined religiosity is more open and inviting† (Sadri, Sadi and Soroush, 2002). Either way, one must understand that in order for both these models to work, democracy cannot adjust to religious understanding; it is religious understanding that should adjust itself to democracy. Beyond the obvious The description of constant unrests in Indonesia has always been rotating around one issue: Muslim religion. As stated earlier, the problem from a single religious unit has grown to be the most difficult puzzle that not even the smartest person in the country with his well thought- out and profound intelligent ideas can solve. This bid dilemma calls for a more rationalized, out of the norm idea so as to solve the rationalized and unprecedented turmoil that lingers in the lives of the world’s most populous Muslim country. I suggest that is time for us to chan ge gears and look at the issue with an open mind; Indonesia as a country is in deep trouble as far as National democracy is concerned and, the USA is the world’s strongest country as far as democracy, economy and internal liberty is concerned. I the itching query about this should be: what does the USA have to with Indonesia? My idea is not at all based on the lines of Indonesia having to solicit for military assistance or any other donations of some kind from the world’s strongest country, no. If we take another direction and look at the current president to the United Sates of America, president Obama, we will discover that his connection to Indonesia is deep! As a matter of fact, Barack spent part of his childhood in Indonesia and, yes he was born to an Indonesian mother. Needless to mention, he previously had an Indonesian name; Barry Soetero. I think Barry Soetero was the guardian angel given to Indonesia so as to bring its deepest problems to an end. It is a fact that President Obama is also known as â€Å"Hussein†. This tells us that he has a Muslim background. Both Barry Soetero and Indonesia need not to be told that there is a clear indication of an easy way to solve the problem here. The Bombshell President Barack Hussein Obama is of an Indonesian Background. He also has a Muslim background. Currently is the president of the World’s strongest country ruling without any problems arising from religious clashes. Barack is a modernized Muslim ruling in a country with no Muslim backgrounds. President Barack Obama should therefore finish his term in the USA, then head back to his roots, apply for citizenship of which I am pretty sure he will get basing on his current friendly relations with Indonesia. Ultimately, he should plunge himself in to the Indonesian political landscape and vie for presidency. Basing on his roots being from Indonesia and him having a Muslim background coupled with good speech and a likable character he s hould win. Eventually o attainting presidency, he should channel American ideas that will help Indonesia attain a â€Å"super-power level† of democracy. In this regard, Muslim will be a peaceful religion, as peaceful as a second middle name (Hussein). The Islamic Identity in Indonesia will therefore have gotten its place without any bloodshed, and with the most suited ambassador of them all. Reference List Berger. L., P. (1999). The desecularization of the world: resurgent religion and world politics. Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. Fox, J., J. (2004). Currents in Contemporary Islam in Indonesia.  Web. Gocher, J., Vatikiotis. M. (2006). Indonesia: Islands of imagination. New York: Tuttle Haseman, B., J. Rabasa, A. (2002). The military and democracy in Indonesia: challenges, politics and power, Issue 1599. California: Rand Corporation Indonesia Backgrounder. (2004). Why Salafism and terrorism mostly don’t mix. Web. Jones, C. (2007). Fashion and faith in urban Indonesia. Web. Kadir, S. (2002). Mapping Politics in Southeast Asia After September 11.  Web. Marshall. A., P. (2005). Radical Islam’s rules: the worldwide spread of extreme Shari’a law. New York: Rowan Littlefield. Peters Ralph. (2002). Rolling Back Radical Islam.  Web Paris. J., Schwarz. A. (1999). Politics of post- Suharto Indonesia. Washington: Council of foreign relations Sadri, A., Sadri, M. Soroush, A. (2002). Reason, Freedom and Democracy in Islam: essential writings of Abdolkarim. New York: Oxford University Press. Safi, O. (2003). Progressive Muslims: on justice, gender and pluralism. London: One world. Vaughn, B. (2009). Indonesia: Domestic Politics, Strategic Dynamics, and American Interests.  Web. Woodward. M. Bull, L., R. (2009). Israeli Nukes versus Palestinian Slingshots: David and Goliath in Indonesia. Web. This research paper on The Battle of Tropical Islam: struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia was written and submitted by user Farrah Huffman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Introduction Scholars and business administrators agree that the activities of companies should be based on some moral judgment. Mere pursuit of profits is no longer acceptable for organizations that claim to be good corporate citizens. It is believed that business ethics and corporate social ethics should ensure that companies are managed in ways that benefit the whole of society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay is aimed at examining this claim. In particular, it is possible to argue that this requirement should be specified and limited. Businesses can benefit the entire community by offering excellent services or good. Moreover, they should eliminate or minimize possible risks to the wellbeing of the community. However, managers cannot possibly predict the effects of business activities on the whole of society since such effects may be difficult to trace. The main task of CSR and business ethics is to eliminate various malpractices that can harm the interests of various stakeholders such as clients, employees, or community. Certainly, for-profit organizations can bring some improvements into the live of the community, by creating jobs or participating in charity; however, the capabilities of companies are limited and managers should also think about the profitability and the interests of the shareholders. On the whole, one can say that business ethics and CSR should act as safeguards against various dangers, but people should not think that businesses should responsible for the wellbeing of the entire community. In this paper I would like to illustrate how corporate social responsibility and business ethics can be applied by modern businesses. The first section will examine the reasons why many companies chose to follow to the principles of CSR and business ethics. I will also speak about the stake holder theory that explains how enterprises interact with the community. The second section will discuss the role of business as beneficiaries. In particular, it is necessary to show that companies cannot always benefit the whole of society, because they should also think about their organizational performance and profitability. Finally, I will discuss more specific applications of business ethics and CSR.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The origins of CSR and business ethics First, it should be noted that such concepts as corporate social responsibility and business ethics emerged as a response to the criticism to which businesses have often been subjected by journalists, political activists or lawyers. They were supposed to reconcile the needs of businesses and the communities in which they operated. Their goal was to make companies more accountable to the commun ity. More importantly, business ethics and CSR had to eradicate various malpractices of for-profit organizations. In particular, one can mention such issues as failure to ensure the safety of workers or low wages (Morgan 2006, p. 306). Moreover, businesses are often blamed for the failure to support the needs of workers, for instance, one can mention female workers who must care about their children (Pocock 2005, p. 32). Furthermore, modern companies are obliged to think about the work-life balance of workers (Pocock 2005b, p. 198). Thus, business ethics and CSR enable businesses and employees to reach some kind of a compromise. Apart from that, companies have to respond to the pressure of governmental institutions. They are forced to respond to such issues as corporate fraud, environmental pollution, or dishonest financial reporting. Many societies have raised the performance standards for modern enterprises. Some malpractice like wage discrimination or environmental pollution are no longer acceptable either for the government or the community. Therefore, the principles of CSR and business ethics are supposed to eliminate such malpractices that can harm the interest of various stakeholders. They have to shield businesses from public criticism, law suits or governmental action. This is one of the reasons why many business leaders are favorable of CSR. Yet, it would be an exaggeration to say that they are concerned about the benefit of the whole community. Even the most ardent critics of corporations do not say that they have to bring improvements to the entire society. The problem is that the society is a very comprehensive term that includes every person living within a certain geographical area as well as institutions that have been created by the members of the community. Thus, one can ask how exactly companies are obliged to benefit the whole of society. The thing is that there is no ethical imperative requiring business to think about the wellbeing of eve ry person. Such a task is hardly possible for individuals or organizations. Certainly, one can say that companies can benefit these people mostly by providing good products or services or minimizing hypothetical dangers of their activities. Moreover, they can donate to various construction projects and even give money to the construction of roads or bridges (Banerjee 2009, p. 1555).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yet, it is difficult to argue that business administrators have to think only about the benefit of the community. They should also be concerned with the profitability of the enterprise and the interests of stockholders. Provided that they do not cope with this task, the very sustainability of many companies can be at risk. This is another argument that should not be overlooked. It should be noted that such notions as corpo rate social responsibility and business ethics take their origins in the stakeholder theory. According to this approach companies should not be seen only as isolated agents that merely deliver goods or services to clients. More likely, they should be regarded as entities that can impact a variety of stakeholders, for instance, buyers, workers, or community. It is possible to refer to such an author as Joel Bakan (2005) who believes that corporations are probably the most important institutions in the world since they shape practically every area of human life (p. 5). Furthermore, business administrators should also take into account that these stakeholders can significantly affect the performance of any organization. For instance, clients, who believe that a company neglects their safety needs, may simply use the products or services a different company. This is why corporate executives should understand that unethical practices can eventually result in the loss of profits. Corporat e social responsibility and business ethics are importance because they show how companies should interact with various stakeholders. However, CSR or business ethics do not eliminate the idea that companies have to make profits. More importantly, the promotion of public welfare must not harm the financial aspects of performance. This is why people should not assume that companies will act as social beneficiaries. This is the main issues that should be taken into account. Admittedly, managers should not regard themselves as â€Å"morally neutral characters† (Roberts 1984, p. 288). They cannot exclude ethical consideration from the decision-making process (Watson 2003, p. 169). The thing is that they can gain the trust of other employees by showing that they adhere to certain ethical principles such as integrity.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similarly, companies can gain the trust of customers by demonstrating that they genuinely care about their needs. Nonetheless, one cannot oblige them to think only about the welfare of the welfare of the community. Such a requirement will not be feasible. Thus, people should not put rely on those corporate executives who argue that they are concerned only with the benefit of the public since such claims are not always substantiated. Beneficiary role of companies and its limitations At this point, it is important to discuss some limitations of CSR and business ethics. Special attention should be paid to the ability of businesses to bring improvements to the community. However, firms have responsibilities to their stockholders who want organizations to be run effectively. The general premise is companies are obliged to create certain benefits for the community. Thus, the question arises how they should do it. First of all, they are supposed to provide goods and services that can creat e some value for people. This is probably the most important requirement and the sustainability of every company depends on its ability to create this value. Nevertheless, this requirement is a necessity, rather than a moral obligation. Businesses do not CSR or business ethics in order to remember about it. Secondly, it is possible the creation of jobs. This is one of the most important benefits that firms can bring to the society. In this way, they can improve the welfare of the population by increasing their purchasing power. However, there is a significant limitation of this requirement. The thing is that the development of technologies enables businesses to reduce the number of workers and eventually improve their cost-efficiency. In many cases, they no longer need to hire more workers. The performance of a company is assessed according to its cost-efficiency, and many organizations try to reduce their labor force and employ only those people who can best contribute to organizat ional success. Thus, business administrators are not morally obliged to think about the creation of jobs, since they should also think about the productivity. Therefore, there is some conflict between the needs of for-profit organizations and the needs of the society. In some cases, the most efficient business practices can harm some members of the community. This is the critical issue that people should take into account. If managers take business ethics and CSR to their extreme, they may endanger the interests of shareholders. Additionally, it is assumed that businesses are obliged to promote diversity and empower those people who were previously discriminated, for instance, on the basis of race, gender or disability (Strachan, French, Burgess, 2009, p. 18). One of their roles is to reduce inequalities existing in the society. To some degree, this requirement is quite legitimate because even nowadays a great number of people may be disadvantaged due to some reasons. For instance, some industries are called male-dominated; in particular, one can mention auditing industry (Jonnengard, Stafsudd, Elg 2010, p. 722). Besides, many people may not secure employment because of their disability. This is why companies should promote affirmative action which is required by legislation (Ainsworth, Knox, O’Flynn, 2010, p. 660). Nevertheless, one should take into account, businesses have to hire the most skilled and motivated candidates. HR professionals have to look at the experience of an employee, and his/her skills. They are the most important criteria. Therefore, companies cannot employ a person only because he/she represents an ethical or racial group that was previously discriminated or disadvantaged. Thus, the corporate social responsibility of enterprises has some limitations. One should expect that companies will be willing to promote social justice at the expense of their performance. Thirdly, some supporters of corporate social responsibility may beli eve that businesses should participate in charitable activities or support volunteer projects. Some organizations may be engaged in such activities, but management should also think about daily operations and expenses of a company. Thus, promotion of community welfare should not be done at the expense of efficiency. On the whole, these examples are important because they should that there are some limits to corporate social responsibility. The critics of corporations have to remember that the very existence of these corporations depends on their profitability. In this regard, one can refer to such a company as Shell that currently operates in Nigeria (Banerjee 2009, p. 1555). It has contributed to the construction of roads, hospitals or power utilities in the country (Banerjee 2009, p. 1555). Yet, it is believed that the operations of this company do really contribute to the welfare of the population. In this case, the problem is that many corporations have to work with very corrupt governments, and even when they contribute to charity, other people may not see any significant improvement because the money of the corporation will not be used appropriately. This case shows that the welfare of population does not depend only on the activities of private businesses, even if they are powerful international corporations. Surely, CSR and business ethics emphasize social performance of firms, but governments still remain responsible for welfare of individuals. It has to be their major concern. There is another reason why people should not expect that CSR and business ethics are supposed to benefit the whole of society. The problem is that this formulation is too vague; it does not describe how exactly companies are supposed to act or who they should benefit. This lack of clarity is the main reasons why many people are skeptical about the usefulness of CSR and business ethics. The problem is that too many executives often claim that their companies are responsible cor porate citizens. However, they do not tell what exactly they do in order to benefit the community. However, in many cases, their words may just be a form of pretence. This is why people should be very specific when they identify the goals or corporate social responsibility and business ethics. Specific applications of business ethics and CSR Thus, people should pay more attention to the specific applications of CSR and business ethics. As it has been said before, the main rationale for these safeguards is to create an environment in which malpractices will not be possible. In particular, one can speak about such activities as wage discrimination of workers, corporate fraud, inside trading, violation of customers’ rights and so forth. The principles of business ethics should act as guidelines for every employee of an organization. Managers and corporate executives have to make sure that the interests and rights of their stakeholders are put under threat. Overall, various corpo rate scandals highlight the need for business ethics and CSR. For example, one can refer to case of Enron (Bakan 2005, p. 23). This example eloquently demonstrates that lack of meaning ethical judgment can lead to the failure of the company and significant losses for its investors (Bakan 2005, p. 23). Thus, the principles of corporate social responsibility are adopted in order to reduce the risk of corporate fraud that may threaten investors, employees, pension funds, and so forth. Additionally, CSR and business ethics are supposed to help individuals who may be forced to act in an immoral way. As it is pointed out by High Willmott (1993) corporate cultures can sometimes become too totalitarian and a person may be pressured to comply with the decisions or values of the group even if some of these decisions are not ethical (p. 521). Some organizations may become too authoritarian and they can view stakeholders only as economic objects (Knights Roberts 1982, p. 51). Thus, business et hics is aimed at minimizing the influence of peer pressure because this influence is not always beneficial. According to the famous psychologist Stanley Milgram (1974), people are more likely to commit immoral acts when they feel that some authority figure will take responsibility for their actions (p. 21). Companies that adopt the principles of business ethics and CSR try to make sure that people feel free to express their opinions when they feel that some decisions are not ethical. Another application of business ethics and CSR may be related to the labor practices of an organization. For example, some companies operating in economically advanced countries employ very people from Africa or Eastern Europe and these individuals may be reduced to the status of slaves since they have no civil rights and they cannot refer to any governmental authority (Bales 2012, p. 12). This is the main tragedy. In his article, Bill Cooke (2003) speaks about the legacies of slavery and the practices used by managers in the ante-bellum America (p. 1895). The thing is that slavery has not been eradicated in the modern workplace. This problem can be effectively addressed if there is proper legislation. Moreover, corporate executives who adhere to the rules of ethics and CSR will ensure that none of company’s divisions is engaged in unlawful labor practices. These examples illustrate specific applications of business ethics and corporate social responsibility. Provided that organizations use them as safeguard, they can protect themselves against many risks such as governmental fines or poor publicity. Moreover, they can benefit employees, stockholders, or customers. If business administrators choose to focus on more specific tasks, the work of many organizations can be improved. Conclusion On the whole, this discussion leads to several important points. First of all, business ethics and CSR should be regarded as a system of checks and balances that have to prevent or minimiz e the risk of malpractices within the company. They should ensure that companies adhere to the principles of integrity or openness. Business administrators have to avoid any harm to clients, workers, or environment. This is the most important requirement. Certainly, they can bring such benefits as reduction of inequality, charity, or promotion of employee’s rights. However, they should also be concerned with the maximization of revenues. So, corporate social responsibility and business ethics cannot guarantee that companies strive to benefit the whole of society. This promise may not be fulfilled. Instead they should ensure that no harm is done to the community. In particular, these safeguards should protect long-term interests of various stakeholders who are dependent on private businesses. If this approach is adopted, CSR and business ethics will be much more effective. References Ainsworth, S., Knox, A. O’Flynn, J 2010, ‘A Blinding Lack of Progress’: M anagement Rhetoric and Affirmative Action’, Gender, Work and Organization, vol. 17 no. 6, pp.658-678. Bakan, J 2005, The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power, Simon Schuster, New York. Bales, K 2012, Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy, Updated with a New Preface, University of California Press, Berkeley. Banerjee, S 2009, Necrocapitalism, Organization Studies, vol. 29 no. 12, pp. 1541-1563. Cooke, B 2003 ‘The Denial of Slavery in Management Studies’, Journal of Management Studies, vol. 40 no. 8, pp. 1885-1918. Jonnengard, K., Stafsudd, S., Elg U 2010, ‘Performance Evaluations as Gender Barriers in Professional Organizations: A Study of Auditing Firms’, Gender, Work and Organization, vol. 17 no. 6, pp. 721-741. Knights D. Roberts J 1982, ‘The Power of Organizations or the Organization of Power’, Organization Studies, vol. 3 no. 1, pp. 47-63. Milgram, S 1974, Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View, Taylor Francis, New York. Morgan, G 2006, Images of Organization, SAGE, London. Pocock, B 2005, ‘Work/Care Regimes: Institutions, Culture and Behaviour and the Australian Case.’ Gender, Work and Organization, vol. 12 no. 1, pp. 32-49. Pocock, B 2005b, ‘Work–life ‘balance’ in Australia: Limited progress, dim Prospects’, Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, vol. 43 no. 2, pp. 198-209. Roberts, J 1984, ‘The moral character of management practice’, Journal of Management Studies, vol. 21 no. 3, pp. 287-302. Strachan, G., French, E., Burgess J 2009, Managing Diversity in Australia: Theory and Practice, The McGrow-Hill Companies, Sydney. Watson, T 2003, ‘Ethical choice in managerial work: The scope for moral choices in an ethically irrational world’, Human Relations, vol. 56 no. 2, pp. 167-185. Willmott, H 1993, ‘Strength is Ignorance, Slavery is Freedom: Managing Culture in Modern Organizations†™, Journal of Management Studies, vol. 30 no. 4, pp. 515-552.

Biography of Euripides, Third of the Great Tragedians

Biography of Euripides, Third of the Great Tragedians Euripides (480 B.C.–406 B.C.) was an ancient writer of Greek tragedy- the third of the famous trio (with Sophocles and Aeschylus). He wrote about women and mythological themes, like Medea and Helen of Troy. He enhanced the importance of intrigue in tragedy. Some aspects of Euripides tragedy seem more at home in comedy than in tragedy, and, indeed, he is considered to have been a significant influence on the creation of  Greek  New Comedy. This comic development  comes after the lifetime of  Euripides and his contemporary, the most familiar writer of Old Comedy, Aristophanes. Fast Facts: Euripides Known For: Famous Greek playwright and tragedian who created the love-dramaBorn: 480 BCE in ‎Salamis Island, GreeceParents: Mnesarchus (also spelled Mnesarchides), CleitoDied: 406 or 407 BCE in Macedonia or AthensWell-Known Plays: Alcestis (438 BCE), Heracles (416 BCE), The Trojan Women (415 BCE), Bacchae (405 BCE)Awards and Honors: First prize, Athenian dramatic festival, 441 BCE, 305 BCESpouses: Melite, ChoerineChildren: Mnesarchides, Mnesilochus, EuripidesNotable Quote: There are three classes of citizens. The first are the rich, who are indolent and yet always crave more. The second are the poor, who have nothing, are full of envy, hate the rich, and are easily led by demagogues. Between the two extremes lie those who make the state secure and uphold the laws. Early Life and Career A contemporary of the second of the tragedy  trio,  Sophocles, Euripides was born around 480 BCE to his parents Mnesarchus or Mnesarchides (a merchant from the Athenian deme of Phlya) and Cleito. It is believed he might have been born on Salamis or Phlya, although that may be a coincidence of the inventive methods used to date his birth. Euripides first competition might have been in 455. He came in third. His initial first prize came in 441, but out of about 92 plays, Euripides won only four  more first prizes- the last, posthumously. Intrigue and Comedy Where Aeschylus and Sophocles emphasized plot, Euripides added intrigue. Intrigue is complicated in Greek tragedy by the constant presence of the all-knowing chorus. Euripides also created the love-drama. New Comedy, a type of Greek  drama  that lasted from about 320  BCE  to the mid-third century  BCE  that offers a mildly satiric view of contemporary Athenian society, later took over the more effective parts of Euripides technique. In a modern performance of Euripides tragedy, Helen, the director explained it was essential for the audience to see immediately that its a comedy. Key Plays Another Euripidean tragedy that portrays women and Greek mythology, and seems to bridge the genres of tragedy, is a satyr play and comedy called Alcestis. In the play, a buffoonish Hercules (Heracles) comes to the house of his friend Admetus. The latter is mourning the death of his wife Alcestis, who has sacrificed her life for him but wont tell Hercules who has died. Hercules overindulges, as usual. While his polite host wont say who died, the appalled household staff will. To make amends for partying at a house in mourning, Hercules goes to the Underworld to rescue Alcestis. Tragedies that Euripides had written shortly before death that had never been performed at Athens City Dionysia were found and entered into the Dionysia, a large festival in ancient Athens, in 305 BCE. Euripides plays won first prize. They included The Bacchae, a tragedy that informs our vision of Dionysus. Unlike in Euripides play Medea, no deus ex machina comes in to save the child-killing mother. Instead, she goes into voluntary exile. It is a thought-provoking, grizzly play, but in the running for Euripides most excellent tragedy. Death Euripides may have died in Athens. Ancient writers from the third century BCE (starting with a poem by Hermesianax [Scullion]) claim Euripides died in 407/406, not in Athens, but in Macedonia, at the court of King Archelaus. Euripides would have been in Macedonia either in self-imposed exile or at the kings invitation. Gilbert Murray thinks the Macedonian despot Archelaus invited Euripides to Macedonia more than once. He had already corralled Agathon, the tragic poet, Timotheus, a musician, Zeuxis, a painter, and possibly, Thucydides, the historian. Legacy Despite winning only limited acclaim during his lifetime, Euripides was the most popular of the three great tragedians for generations after his death. Even during his lifetime, Euripides plays won some acclaim. For example, after the ill-fated Sicilian expedition, where Athens ventured into the Italian island in 427 BCE with disastrous results, those Athenians who could recite Euripides were reportedly saved from slave-labor in the mines. An indication of the resilience of his work is the fact that 18 or 19 of Euripides plays have survived to this day, centuries after he wrote them, and more than the plays of either Aeschylus  and  Sophocles. Sources â€Å"Ancient Greek Dramatic Festivals.†Ã‚  The Randolph College Greek Play.. Classical LiteratureAncient Greece-Euripides-Alcestis.â€Å"Euripides Biography.†Ã‚  Encyclopedia of World BiographyKawalko Roselli, David. Vegetable-Hawking Mom and Fortunate Son: Euripides, Tragic Style, and Reception. Phoenix Vol. 59, No. 1/2 (Spring-Summer, 2005), pp. 1-49.Murray, Gilbert. Euripides and His Age. 1913.â€Å"New Comedy.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica.Scullion, S. â€Å"Euripides and Macedon, or the Silence of the Frogs.†Ã‚  The Classical Quarterly, vol. 53, no. 2, 2003, pp. 389–400.

Market Risk Premium(MRP) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Market Risk Premium(MRP) - Essay Example It is usual for financial managers and Boards of Directors to be more conservative so that they do not err in costs therefore when they arrive at a hurdle rate, the rate at which investors will start becoming reluctant to invest in their company, and fix a price band that is slightly higher. Through this, they seek to manage costs more prudently to avoid shocks to themselves, but at the same time they cause the investors to shy away from them and lose funding. This is more prevalent in developed markets but in contrast in the emerging markets, due to hidden and accruable values, the investors, both local and overseas are bolder hence the incremental values are higher carrying more MRP. Despite higher taxes, higher volatility and consequently higher MRP on equity this is preferred over debt as the returns are likely to be better. Another factor for this preference is that unless there is and an event like 9/11 or the Enron crisis, historically the socks have always outperformed the debt or bonds. Since the market favors equity, it becomes important to calculate MRP on daily, indeed even several times daily, to present both clear and emerging pictures for the investing public to act upon. On the other hand, this also assists the financial managers to plan their fundraising exercises. MRP is also valuable as it offers insights into past movement and likely future scenario except for events that happen to change it abruptly. At the same time, such subtle changes might also shed light on some expected movements that can affect future calculations. Those who are against MRP forward the argument that MRP movement causes reactions that might be sharp in some cases as they cause a cascading effect. This can sometimes be detrimental and erode confidence and capital.

Electronic Media Education Tool Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Electronic Media Education Tool - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that  the incorporation of electronic media as an education tool is highly influenced by huge health facts and epidemiological conditions that directly hamper the model taken in the basic way of life of the older.  There are established International guidelines on levels of exposure various intensities of microwave frequency EMFs.   For instance, ICNIRP perimeter the power levels of incorporated wireless devices. Hense, wireless device manufacturers always have the baseline recommendable for manufacture of their instruments exceed the guidelines. The guidelines majorly take into account considerable thermal effects, but non-thermal effects have not been convincingly demonstrated.This paper stresses that  the main guidelines on design of the electronic media as an education tool hugely borders on the main instruments. For instance; computer affects, internet and other facilities entailed in enhancing the opposite working of the electronic media as an education system.  Old age refers to a unique stage in life when the human body system is made weak to some extent. The group always have predicament with proper posture while walking or sitting. Disregard to proper sitting positions always results in backaches and pains, spinal injury and elevated fatigues.  Others may have developed other specific problems for defects with hearing, seeing, memory loss and other minor issues.

Essay on the Character of Ophelia in Hamlet :: Essays on Shakespeare Hamlet

The Character of Ophelia in Hamlet      Ã‚   Ophelia is a beautiful and simple-minded woman, easily molded by the more powerful opinions and desires of others. The thoughts of her father and her brother influenced her the most. The love letters from Hamlet also swayed her opinions and confused her mind. Ophelia wasn't able to realize herself because of all the pressures exerted on her to be something she's not. That weakness of mind and will, which permitted her obedience to her father and thus destroyed her hope for Hamlet's love, finally resulted in her insanity and death.    When her father had challenged the honor of Hamlet's intentions, Ophelia could only reply "I do not know, my lord, what I should think" (III, iii). Used to relying upon her father's direction and brought up to be obedient, she can only accept her father's belief, seconded by that of her brother, that Hamlet's "holy vows" of love were simply designed for her seduction. She was to obey her father's orders not to permit Hamlet to see her again. Her father also wanted to prove Hamlet's madness to the king. He used Ophelia as bait so he and the king could listen to Hamlet's words. Ophelia willingly obliged to her father's desires. By not thinking for herself and only doing as her father wished, she ruined her chances of love with Hamlet.    Hamlet put pressure on Ophelia by expecting her to surpass his mother's shortcomings and be an epitome of womankind. He searched her innocent face for some sign of loving truth that might restore his faith in her. He took her mute terror for a sign of her guilt and found her to be a false person, like his mother. In his letter to her, he addressed the letter to "the most beautified Ophelia" and he terminated the letter with "I love thee best, O most best, believe it" (II, ii). He used the word "beautified" to display a sincere tribute, and it is apparent he still loves her. His attempts to win her affection are not triumphant. Ophelia is still too much under the influence of her father to question his wisdom or authority, and she has no mind of her own to understand how much she has made her lover suffer. No matter how much it pained her to not see Hamlet, all she could see in his present behavior is the madness that terrified her.

Introduction To Top Glove Corporation Berhad Essay

Top Glove Corporation was Started In 1991 In the Beginning Top Glove Company had just 1 Factory 3 Production lines and 100 Staff, but Now it Has Become the Most Successful and Largest Rubber Glove manufacture resulting in 25 factories which they had just 1 one when they started and now has 470 Production lines and a capacity to produce 41.1 Billion Gloves per Annum. Top Glove Corporation has more than 10 Branches Not In Malaysia but has also Spread In China and Thailand The Main Activities of Top Glove are Investment holdings and provision of Management services. Top Glove are one of the largest latex gloves, nitrile, surgical, household, Cleanroom,Vinyl and more types of glove Producer and meets High Quality Products and meets the Increasing expectations of the International Top Glove Corporation was Listed 2nd In Malaysian Bourse and within a year It was promoted to the Capital city of Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (Bursa Saham) . It consists Shareholder fund worth 1.28Billion with an annual turnover which is almost 2.31Billion as at financial year ended 31 August 2012.Tan Sri Lim the Founder of Top Glove Achievements has A Huge Credit for Company’s Success Not Only Tan sri Lim But the Highly Committed and Motivation of Board of Directors Together with 11000 Strong Work Force. Customers are the Important Factor for Top Glove Company their motive is to Provide High Quality Products with affordable cost and To Provide them the best customer service. The Company is looking forward To Invest IN R&D IT and Automation to make sure to Improve The Quality and Production Efficiency. Looking At the Future Top Glove’s Objective is to Capture 30% of the Global Market share by 2015, (Top Glove, 2013) (EMIS, 2013) 1.1 TOP GLOVE CORPORATION VISION AND MISSION â€Å"We Strive to be the World’s Leading Manufacture with Excellent Quality Glove Products and Service enrich and Protect Human Lives† CORPORATE MISSION: â€Å"To Be World Class Glove Manufacturer by providing top Quality products with Excellent services through continuous Improvements and Innovation† (Top Glove, 2013) 1.2 KEY EXECUTIVES Wee Chai Lim Chairman Kim Meow LeeManaging Director Cheong Guan LimExecutive Director Siew Bee TongExecutive Director Arshad Bin AyubIndependent Non-Executive Director (Company) 1.3 CHAIRMAN LIM WEE CHAI PROFILE: (Top Glove Corporation Berhad, 2012) Lim Wee chai is a Malaysian citizen aged 54; He was graduated in Bachelor of Science degree in physics from University Malaya and completed his master degree in business administration Sul Ross State University in Texas, United States. Lim wee chai was appointed as a chairman at top glove corporation on 4th September 2000. Top glove Corporation Berhad was started with only 3 production lines under the Chairman lim wee chai Leadership and visions top glove have become world’s largest rubber glove producers and has captured 25% of the world market share. The company now has more than 23 factories and 457 production lines in Malaysia and on the other counties which are china and Thailand. The Production capacity is to produce 40 billion pieces of gloves per annum, over thousands of customer’s demand in more than 185 Countries. He has received 10 awards for his achievements success and contribution towards the Glove Industry (Top Glove Corporation Berhad, 2012) 2.0 INTRODUCTION TO HARTALEGA HOLDINGS BERHAD (Hartalega, 2013) Hartalega Berhad Manufacture and sell latex and Nitrile gloves.The company’s latex and Nitrile gloves consists of examination and Surgical, Laboratory, Clean room gloves, atomic power plant etc.It also deals in retail and wholesale of gloves, Property leasing research and development of automation systems. Hartalega was established in 1988 with the vision to produce gloves to protect the important thing which is Life, Hartalega Used to be  One line operation in the beginning but now it is one of the most largest Company with 53 Production lines, and a capability to produce 12 Billion gloves Per Year. Since the Start, Hartalega every single operation is been dedicated to Tradition of Excellence, they are delivering the best quality through state of the art equipment, high quality system and dedicated workers their products are high recognized all over the world Hartalega Success is Because of their loyal customers and Consistent improvements in quality of products, reliable service with efficiency by the culture of open and honest approach to business. Hartalega has Huge Market all over the world which are in North America, Europe, Asia, Australia Malaysia Hartalega is the company which has produced a lot types of products compare of it’s competitors and they are first one who has produced it which are Polymer Coated Powder-Free Examination Gloves, Low Protein Latex Examination Gloves, Robotic glove stripping system which helps to strip gloves off from the production lines, first one to produce high-stress relaxation NBR Examination and Surgical gloves, first industry to use oil Palm Empty fruit bunches as biomass fuel to produce heat for production process and Many More products which had produce 1st the Industry. Hartalega has earned a lot of Awards Because of their hard work, dedication and motivation. (Hartalega, 2013) (Businessweek, 2013) 2.1 BOARD OF DIRECTORS 1. Kuan Kam HonExecutive Chairman and Managing Director 2. Chuah Phaik SimIndependent Non-Executive Director 3. Dato Mohamed ZakIndependent Non-Executive Director 4. Kuan Mun KengNon-Independent Executive Director 5. Kuan Mun LeongNon-Independent Executive Director 6. Liew Ben PohNon-Independent Non-Executive Director (Haralega, 2012) (Hartalega Holding Berhad, 2012) 2.2 HARTALEGA CHAIRMAN PROFILE: (Hartalega Holding Berhad, 2012) Kuan Kam Hon aged 65, Is the Executive chairman and Managing Director at  Hartalega, he was appointed on May 7, 2007. Kuan Kam Hon is responsible for all business strategic plannings and whole operations in the group including research and development, He started his Career in the construction company named kuan Yuen & Sons Company which was a well-known construction company in 1970’s, in 1981 he formed Hartalega Sdn Bhd Under his leadership Hartalega has now become a reputable producers of latex gloves in the industry in Malaysia and is public listed in bursa Malaysia. He has created a set of Management with Higher standards and encourages creativity and innovation to produce highly-skilled personnel. (Hartalega Holding Berhad, 2012) 3.0 RUBBER GLOVE INDSUTRY ANALYSIS The rubber demand has been increased rapidly high after the H1N1 Pandemic in 2010. Rubber glove industry is going to witness Lower demand as there is no Huge Disease found in Humans, Plants or Animals since last year, Rubber Glove Industry totally depends on its usage on medical sector, Industry has been facing recession time to time. Malaysia is the largest Producer and exporter of Rubber gloves at present, Malaysian industry of rubber gloves has high Demand all over the world, Top Producers of Rubber gloves are, Top Glove, Supermax, Kossan rubber industry and Hartalega. Malaysian Industry exports to the US, Europe, Latin America, China and India, Us is the largest Importer of Rubber Gloves as their expenditure on Health Care has gone high as percentage of GDP Since 2000. UK and European Countries are following the same trend of using more hygienic products. And is expected for other countries as well Demand for Rubber gloves Have Increased in Countries like India, China and Brazil in the recent years as they are more concerned to their healthcare and wants to use hygienic Products, Demand for lower-end powdered latex gloves is high in developing countries who are more cost conscious which is cheaper than powder-free latex and nitrile gloves, The Developed countries such as US and Europe prefer to use Powder-free latex and Nitrile gloves. (Koncept Analysis, 2012) 4.0 FUTURE OUTLOOK OF RUBBER GLOVE INDUSTRIES 4.1 HIGH DEMAND OF GLOVES: Rubber Glove Industry will be having long term  demand for their products from the highly developed Countries. Emerging economies may possibly drive high future demand as their population is increasing, they are more aware of the importance of hygienic products in medical sectors as will be having high demand of High quality of Healthcare products and services. Health Care Expenditures is increasing for most developed Countries, which has increased demand for gloves, which may affect increase in cost but still can be manageable. Gas and Labor cost are expected to be increase In 2013, but no sure if that can make a huge impact of Glove market (lee, 2012) 4.2 STABLE MARKET SHARE, CAPACITY TO INCREASE: Top 4 Glove Producers may not become M &A Targets. Kossan Rubber industry may have a chance of being such a target if we pick among the four Largest Producers. The Rubber Glove Companies are increasing their production capacity to remain in the competition. Annual Capacity growth is expected to be about 18% or 14.2BN pieces in 2013 (lee, 2012) 4.3 RISKS INVOVLED IN RUBBER GLOVE INDUSTRIES: Rubber Glove Industries can face various kinds of risks which are as follows: 1. Competitors in this Industry have aggressively expended their capacity plans this can result in an oversupply 2. Sharp instability in latex costs and foreign currencies resulting in near term margin squeeze 3. Political Risk, domestic and regional, Glove manufactures source 50% of their raw material from Thailand. Risk is low production of NR latex and lower supply at glove manufacturers 4. Infrastructural bottle necks and Labor Shortages : Supply of Malaysia’s Natural Gas is reached its maximum point to the Glove industries and new allocations are expected to come, any delay in new allocation will become a huge problem for Glove Industries for that they have to use alternative fuel for production with higher cost (Michelle Foong, 2012) 5.0 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS 5.1 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS FOR TOP GLOVE CORPORATION BERHARD 5.3 PROFITABLITY: Profitability ratios shows that profit earning capacity of a business for the sake of clear understanding profitability ratios classified into two categories general profitability ratios and overall profitability ratios, The gross profit margin ratio (or gross margin ratio) provides clues to the company’s pricing, cost structure and production efficiency. A low profit margin ratio indicates that low amount of earnings, required to pay fixed costs and profits are generated from revenues. (Thukaram, 2007). Top Glove Corporation gross profit margin has been increased as compare with the profit ratio in 2011 and 2012, 2011 it was 11.44% in 2012 its 16.63 same goes for net profit margin, but with less expenses. Top glove Corporation profit earning capacity has been increased impressively Profitability 2012 2011 Gross profit margin Net profit Margin Expenses margin 16,63 – 9,87 = 6.76% 11,44 – 6,57 = 4.87% 5.4 LIQUIDITY: Liquidity ratios provides information on the time structure of debt and the firm’s ability to meet its short term obligation Current ratio is balance-sheet financial performance measure of company liquidity. Current ratio indicates a company’s ability to meet short-term debt obligations. The current ratio measures whether or not a firm has enough resources to pay its debts over the next 12 months. Quick ratio is viewed as a sign of a company’s financial strength or weakness; it gives information about a company’s short term liquidity. The ratio tells creditors how much of the company’s short term debt can be met by selling all the company’s liquid assets at very short notice. (Emilio Colombo, 2006).Liquidity ratios shows ability of the company to pay back its debts which top glove has improved  from 3.12:1 to 2.95:1 in 2012 LIQUIDITY 2012 2011 Current ratio Quick Ratio 5.5 EFFICIENCY: Efficiency ratios measure how efficiently a firm uses its resources. The average collection period shows the average number of days it takes your business to collect payment for sales to customers on credit, The accounts payable turnover ratio shows how quickly your business pays its bills and how often payables turn over during the year. Trends in the accounts payable turnover ratio demonstrates how your business handles its outgoing payments and can help you assess the cash situation of your business. This efficiency ratios shows that top glove fixed asset turnover has been increased from 2.9 in 2011 to 2.93% in 2012 debtors collection time has also slight more efficient compared to 2011 it was 47 days in 2012 it is 46 days meanwhile creditor payment is facing more delays compared to previous year which was 39days in 2011 turn into 44days in 2012 (Emilio Colombo, 2006) EFFICIENCY 2012 2011 Fixed asset turnover Debtors collection Creditor payment Stock Turnover 5.6 CAPITAL STRUCTURE: Capital Structure is a mix of a company’s long term debt, specific short-term debt, and common equity and preferred equity. The capital Structure is how a  firm finances its overall operations and growth by using different sources of funds. The interest coverage ratio indicates the extent of which earnings are available to meet interest payments. A interest cover ratio means less earnings are available to meet interest payments and that the business is more vulnerable to increases in interest rates. Capital Structure 2012 2011 Interest Cover Gearing ratio INVESTORS: Financial ratios are used to analyze company performance, Return of equities investors is much greater than that applied to debentures may be because this investment class have a huge risk, and ordinary shareholder are the best group of investors for an organizations. The Price earning ratio for an organization is used to compare the financial position of a company compare to other organizations, this means the better financial position of a company is according to PE Ratios the lower risks is for its investors and shareholders. Organizations which want to expand their dividends will seek to over a large amount of their earnings; whereas organizations which have high cash holdings are able to pay higher dividends if they wish to, the relation between dividends and earnings are calculated by dividend cover (Woods, 1999). Investors 2012 RM’000 2011 RM’000 ROCE ROE EPS 0,3277 0,1829 Earning Yield Dividend Payout Dividend Retention 1 – 0,478 = 0,52 1 – 0,59 = 0,41 6.0 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS FOR HARTALEGA HOLDINGS BERHAD 6.1 PROFITABLITY: These figures shows that Hartalega’s gross profit margin was 37.15% In 2011and it is Decreased in 2012 to 31.85%, Net profit margin is also decreased in 27.9% 2012 which was 33.4% in 2011 it tell that company is underperforming compared to last year’s performance. But expenses are decreased from 4.75% to 3.95% Profitability 2012 2011 Gross profit Net Profit Margin Expenses Margin 31,85 – 27,9 = 3.95% 37,15 – 32.4 = 4.75% 6.2 LIQUIDITY: This Table shows Liquidity of Hartalega Company their ability to pay their debts is Increased compared to 2011 which was 3.63:1 Now increased to 4.42:1 in current ratio. If we measure that in quick ratio it also shows an Increase from 2.81:1 to 3:28 Liquidity 2012 2011 Current Ratio Quick Ratio 6.3 EFFICIENCY: This table shows The Figures how Efficiently hartalega corporation is using their resources in 2011 their fixed asset turnover was 2.11 which is increased to 2.45% it tells us that and debtors collection period is decreased from 50 days to 46 days so they are collecting their debts earlier compared to previous year and creditor period in also decreased from 45 days to 35 days they are able to pay back their Creditors earlier than 2011 and stock turnover is also increased from 51 days to 56 days. This table tells us that hartalega is using their resources very efficiently Efficiency 2012 2011 Fixed asset turnover Debtors collection period Creditor payment Stock turnover 6.4 CAPITAL STRUCTURE: Capital Structure 2012 2011 Interest Cover Gearing Ratio INVESTORS: Investors 2012 2011 ROCE ROE EPS 0,2765 pence 0,2618 pence Earning Yield Dividend Payout Dividend Retention 1 – 0,43 = 0,57 1 – 0,29 = 0,71 7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Rubber Glove industry has huge demand in market and in future it will be demanded even more Developed Countries and developing countries are very concerned to use Hygenic products in their medical sectors and so their medical care expenditures will be increasing the demand for Gloves will also be increasing. As For Under developed Countries If there is a hope for them to Increase their Economy and they will also be concerned to use hygienic products like other Developed Countries demand for the Rubber Gloves will go even higher. Malaysia has dominated the Rubber Glove Industry and Is the King of rubber gloves. Top Rubber and latex gloves manufacturing companies are In Malaysia So there is a lot more competition with in Malaysia on this Business and all the companies are trying to improve their   capacity top Glove Manufacturing companies In Malaysia are Top Glove and Hartalega which are performing extremely well in this business and their products are demanding all over the world. Malaysian Organizations are the largest world exports of rubber gloves industry where as other countries like Thailand have no Competition with Malaysian Industries the Biggest Strength of Malaysian industries are their labor production each worker in the rubber glove industry are three times more productive than Thailand and Indonesian workers. So there is Nothing to worry about at the moment that some Country Might take over their Market. There are few things Which has to be considered are political relations with other countries, Thailand supplies 50% of Raw Material to make gloves to Malaysia. Any Political Issue can cause a lot of problems to the Rubber Glove manufactures. Bibliography Businessweek, 2013. http://investing.businessweek.com. [Online] Available at: http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/snapshot/snapshot.asp?ticker=HART:MK [Accessed 7 July 2013]. Emilio Colombo, L.S., 2006. Contribution to economics. In M.B. Werner A Muller, ed. Financial Market Imperfections and Corporate Decisions. New york: Physica-Verlag. p.174. EMIS, 2013. http://www.securities.com. [Online] Available at: http://www.securities.com/Public/company-profile/MY/Top_Glove_Corporation_Bhd_en_1663501.html [Accessed 7 July 2013]. Haralega, 2012. Unlocking Potential. Annual Report. Kuala Lumpur: Haralega Holdings Berhad. Hartalega Holding Berhad, 2012. Unlocking Potential. Annual report. Kuala Lumpur: Hartalega Holdings Hartalega Holdings. Hartalega, 2013. Hartalega.com. [Online] Available at: http://hartalega.com.my. [Accessed 7 July 2013]. Koncept Analysis, 2012. http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2097332/global_rubber_gloves_market_an_analysis_2012. [Online] Koncept An alsysis Available at: http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2097332/global_rubber_gloves_market_an_analysis_2012 [Accessed 8 July 2013]. lee, J., 2012. Malaysia Equity. Investment research daily, 1, p.23. Michelle Foong, 2012. Rubber Gloves Gloving the world. Research. Global Market Research Companies. Thukaram, R.M., 2007. Management Accounting. In Management Accounting. 1st ed. New Delhi: New Age International(P) Limited Publishers. p.588. Top Glove