A Comparison between Private and Public Schools an Example by

A Comparison between Private and Public Schools Introduction Does paying for an education matter? (Shortt 5). In arguing that private school is still a much better alternative than public school, a clear context of the issue should first be described beginning with the definitions of what constitutes a public and a private school. In most countries including the United States, the distinction is simple and is mainly with regards to the source of funding that a particular school enjoys (Hochschild & Scovronick 7). A public school is state funded. This means that the government pays for most if not all of the operational expenses of a school with minor assistance from outside contributions and donations. Public schools normally have minimal if not non-existent tuition fees and are designed to make education accessible to all the citizens of a country regardless of financial capabilities. Need essay sample on "A Comparison between Private and Public Schools" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed As a consequence, public schools are also government run, usually under a particular state department for education. On the other hand, private schools are mainly funded by its customers, which are primarily the schools students usually through their parents who pay for their education. A private school is run by an internal school board that is registered but not significantly beholden to the states Department of Education (Hochschild It cannot be denied that any argument against public schools should be balanced with the fact that it is free, hence a balance of interests must always be present (31). Therefore, any supposed advantage that a private school has over public schools should be weighed according to the price that students are paying for it. There are three main standards of comparison by which this paper makes its assessment of public and private schools. These three levels are facilities, curriculum, and environment. Facilities Obviously, public schools constantly depend on government funding to maintain operations and modernize equipment. For many governments in poorer countries, this has been one grave reason for public school being extremely worse than private schools. Non-existent facilities such as science or speech laboratories, inadequately furnished classrooms, and an overcrowding of students characterize public school in the Third World. In some countries such as Vietnam or the Philippines, student-teacher ratios can shoot as high as eighty to one (Shortt 22), making it a near impossible task for any teacher to effectively keep track of each students learning progress. In more affluent countries such as the United States, having sizeable budgets for public education has not seemed to result in better school facilities either. Gross claimed that even if the U.S. Department of Education spends an average of $10,000 per student a year, most of these expenses are from administrative and faculty costs with only as small as 10% going into the improvement of facilities, this is contrary to private schools that dedicate ample funding for improving school facilities, most of the time even requiring a separate fee for modernization from their students (71). Since private schools are in heavy competition with one another over the scant number of people who can afford it, they need to devote considerable funding to modernize facilities in order to attract more customers. This atmosphere of competitiveness is absent in the typical public school set-up, wherein students are allocated depending on where they live. Curriculum Taking academic performance into consideration, historical data shows that private school has fared relatively better than public schools (Gross 92). In an international study conducted on the top 21 industrialized countries, basic education in the United States ranked 17th in terms of mathematics and science. However, a cross-sectional observation reveals that the low rank is mostly due to public school contribution. Separately, public and private schools would rank 19th and 14th respectively (93). Public school curriculum is generalized throughout schools in a particular state by an umbrella school board. Since new curricula are implemented across all public schools, the processes involved in implementation, monitoring, and assessment of such new material takes substantially long. Private schools are not required to conform to the entire prescribed curricula of the Department of Education. Hence, this freedom allows them to incorporate materials, strategies, and entire curricula that could suit their students better, as opposed to public schools that are constrained within the exact recommendations of the state. The ability to choose tailor-made ways to address student learning puts private schools in a better position than public schools in drafting and revising the substance of education offered. Because of the smaller scope of implementation, assessing results of particular implemented curricula is faster, making private school curricula more comprehensive and up-to-date. Environment Since public school is open for everyone, many socio-cultural problems arise to hinder learning and even threaten student safety. In Zimmerman, it was described that most cases related to racial or gender discrimination happen in public schools(18). Furthermore, it is more than twice as likely to get bullied in a public school as in a private school (23). Although governments such as the United States have been fervent in implementing policies against discrimination and bullying, the inherent mass of public school students makes such policies a lot harder to implement effectively than in private schools. Hence, private schools are able to provide a better learning environment for their students than their public counterparts. Conclusion Based on the given three standards, it can be concluded that private schools are still better than public schools in terms of facilities, curriculum, and environment. Even taking Shortts words into consideration, the fact that Americans pay more in taxes for their public schools than the tuition that private schools charge means that the insufficiency of money is not a factor that should neutralize the disparity between public and private schools. Works Cited Gross, Martin L. The Conspiracy of Ignorance: The Failure of American Public Schools. N.J.: Harper Paperbacks, 2000. Hochschild, Jennifer L. & Scovronick, Nathan. The American Dream and the Public Schools. Oxford University Press, 2004. Maddoux, Marlin. Public Education Against America: The Hidden Agenda. I.N.: Whitaker House, 2006. Shortt, Bruce N. The Harsh Truth About Public Schools. N.J.: Ross House Books, 2004. Zimmerman, Jonathan Whose America? Culture Wars in the Public Schools. Harvard University Press, 2002.

Murderous Macbeth essays

Murderous Macbeth essays Throughout all of history, people have killed people to get ahead just like Macbeth did. Kings, tyrants, dictators, and even normal everyday citizens have killed each other to try to gain monetarily and try to gain power over everyone else. Many people even kill each for love. The wife gets a lover and kills the husband for him and so it goes. This hasnt changed in hundreds of years since Shakespeares time. Macbeth killed for the power, the money, and for the love of his wife. Macbeths main reason for killing Duncan was because his wife talked him into it. He debated about it before she got into it but she was the one that eventually talked him into it. Macbeth was almost set on giving up on the whole thing when his loving wife stepped in and made him go through with it. This happens quite often in actual life. In reality husbands and wives kill each other because they want them out of the way so they can be with the lovers they are having the affairs with. They fall in love with these new lovers and decide that a divorce would be too much trouble they plot to kill the husband or wives that are in the way. Although Macbeth didnt do it exactly for this reason, he did do it for the love of his wife. She wanted to be higher on the ladder and they only way to have it done would be to have her husband Macbeth kill Duncan so he and she would become the leaders of the country and they would be able to do away with anyone that stood in their way. Another big reason that Macbeth committed these murders was because her wanted the power. He knew that if he killed King Duncan and got away with it he would become king and have all the power over everyone. After killing Duncan he started killing everyone that stood in his way because he found how easily it was to abuse his new powers. This is a very common occurrence and it happens all the time. All the tyrants and dictators such as Hitler and Castro di...

Analysis of an allocated management practitioner article using Essay - 1

Analysis of an allocated management practitioner article using relevant organisational behaviour theory - Essay Example The organizational behaviour of an organization can also be defined as the values which contribute to the creation of an acceptable psychological and social environment within which to work (Chen & Yang, 2012). These values are based on the previous and existing knowledge of the organization that form the philosophies that hold the organization together. However, there may be different conflicting behaviour within an organization, especially the large ones, due to the different characteristics displayed by the various management teams that work in the organization. Organizational behaviour may have both positive and negative effects on the individuals involved and these among others will be discussed in this paper. While the management of an organization plays a major part in the formulation of an organizational behaviour, the employees of such a body also have a role to play in its formulation. According to the article, â€Å"How to improve staff communication† by Rebecca Clake, the organizational behaviour involves the social expectations and standards that determine the values and beliefs, which hold the people working within an organization together. Furthermore, the signs and symbols that an organization is recognized by heavily influence this behaviour and this determines the way the people who work within this organization behave, thus they are the embodiment of the organization’s behaviour. A shared language is very important in the development of an organization’s behaviour because language is the glue that holds the organization together and without a common means of communication within the organization, then the organization would collapse (Khalid, Jusoff, Othman, Ismail & Rahman, 2010). Organizational behaviour is the single most important thing that determines whether and organization will be successful or not. When one considers the article, one will find that there are four major elements of behaviour, which determine the success of an

The importance of thinking adoption first when choosing a pet Research Paper

The importance of thinking adoption first when choosing a pet - Research Paper Example Rather than selecting a pet from an animal breeding farm, adopting an abandoned animal from a shelter, is increasingly gaining importance. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate why adoption should be considered first when choosing a pet. Further, the use of pets in shelters as resources for adoption by healthcare institutions and other facilities will be examined. The Lucrative Breeding of Animals for the Pet-Supply Industry It was estimated in 2004 that the American pet-supply industry sales produced profits of over $23 billion every year, and that it would to continue rising. The increase in companion animals is considered by professionals in the industry as a positive sign people are appreciating the value of pets. However, a contrasting picture is revealed by the number of these ‘valued’ pets entering shelters and being euthanized. â€Å"Because the pet-supply industry is so lucrative, businesses put significant effort into marketing their pr oducts to the pet consumer† (Fournier & Geller 61). Media advertising also plays a major role in pet-supply sales, thereby contributing to overpopulation of pet animals. â€Å"Puppy mills† is the descriptive, derogatory term used for dog breeding farms that produce and supply puppies to pet stores. Strategies to terminate such enterprises include â€Å"educational programs to encourage adoption of pets from animal shelters† (Guither 108), promoting legislation to regulate and license dog breeding enterprises, and requiring pet stores to give the source of the animals they offer for sale. Some animal rights groups claim that policies have not been enforced against commercial dog breeding, and inspectors have not examined the animals in commercial breeding facilities. People wanting to buy a pet are advised by animal rights groups to buy from small family enterprises where puppies are well cared for and free from disease. Most animal welfare organizations â€Å"pr omote spaying and neutering to reduce the number of unwanted animals being born† (Guither 108). These campaigns have resulted in reducing the euthanization of homeless dogs and cats at the shelters. The Abandonment of Pets at Animal Shelters In the United States, every year millions of dogs and other companion animals are abandoned by their owners at animal shelters. Organizations such as the Humane Society operate thousands of shelters across the country, and do their best to provide temporary housing and other services to abandoned animals. Crucially, they attempt to find the animals permanent homes. Unfortunately, however, the numbers of abandoned animals are far greater than the number of people and families wanting to adopt them. Consequently, millions of animals are put to death every year to make room for new pets brought to the shelters. â€Å"One of the reasons most often cited by people who leave their former pets, usually dogs, at animal shelters is that the animal s engage in problem behaviors† (McDonald, Caso & Fugit 311) that their owners find difficult to deal with. Most of the members of animal rights groups do not approve of pet owning, considering it to be unethical, and a form of â€Å"fascism† or dictatorship, based on Americans’ treatment of their pets as materialistic commodities. To maintain ethical values in pet ownership, Guither (p.107) states that stewardship and not ownership should be the norm for companion animal care. The services offered by shelters, spaying and neute

Communications Persuasive theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communications Persuasive theory - Essay Example This I learned after believing a beer advert that portrayed that taking the beer could make one think better and refresh one’s mind. The messages that really persuaded me to indulge into taking the beer ran like â€Å"drink the beer for better mental refreshment and enhancement.† In most cases, we experience value, belief and lifestyle change as a result of persuasion that is presented through such media adverts, as I was persuaded to believe this message in the advert. An attitude is a precursor of behavior; the manner in which the message was decoded and evaluated made me to develop a liking to this message and was eager to try to benefit from alleged mind refreshment, notwithstanding that I was still an intermediate student. This perceived benefit made me to have a weak control on my behavior, and within no time I was ready to experience the new feeling that I was persuaded to try by the advert. Goldsmith (2000) elaborates that advice messages are potentially threatening to the public or an individual, and may in fact threaten the recipient’s positive face. As I went head to try the effectiveness of this message, I in fact discovered that the advert was distorted and wrong, as I was seriously affected by the beer to an extent that in the following two days, I could hardly walk out of my room. Ego involvement dictates that the more one is motivated in an issue, the more likely that their attitudes will predict behavior. My strong motivation to trying the advert message led me to excessive drinking resulting to the serious repercussions that I faced later on. The theory of planned behavior explains that the behavior al intention is the determinant of the future behavior, with the intention being influenced by independent constructs, which are; the attitude, perceived behavior control and the subjective norm (Jones, Sinclair & Rhodes 2004). The

Social And Technological Factors Also Affect The Company Marketing Essay

Social And Technological Factors Also Affect The Company Marketing Essay Political, Economical, Social and Technological factors also affect the company as a whole. If the Political or Economical condition of the country is not strong, this can affect the business as well. Political Factors Politics affects the business a lot; because a company must follow certain rules or regulations (laws) made by the government. Creation of different laws depends upon the ruling political party. For example, the end of Cold War has been a big change for weapon makers. Moreover Political factors include government regulations and legal issues and define both formal and informal rules under which the firm must operate. Some examples include: Tax policy Employment laws Environmental regulations Trade restrictions and tariffs Political stability Economic Factors The economic condition of the country and state has a great influence on the company progression. The different economic policies, which affect business, are Taxation Interest rates Currency rate Public economic condition (either people are poor or rich) Inflation rate Social Factors Social values, beliefs, religion and culture really affect the business. Business must be according to social aspects. For example, in Pakistan we cannot sale or purchase things like wine, because it is against Islamic faith. Another example is of wearing shorts by the women. Here it is unsocial, so we cannot start the business of selling shorts to women. Social factors include the demographic and cultural aspects of the external macro environment. These factors affect customer needs and the size of potential markets. Some social factors include: Health consciousness Population growth rate Age distribution Career attitudes Emphasis on safety Technological Factors The most challenging factor for marketing manager is technological factor, because growth of the company depends upon the innovation and for innovation, the use of new technology is very much important. In order to beat the competitors, an organization must have effective research, planning and marketing of new products and for this purpose new machinery, techniques and ideas are very much important Technological factors can lower barriers to entry, reduce minimum efficient production levels, and influence outsourcing decisions. Some technological factors include: RD activity Automation Technology incentives Rate of technological change Porters Five Forces The pure competition model does not present a viable tool to assess an industry. Porters Five Forces attempts to realistically assess potential levels of profitability, opportunity and risk based on five key factors within an industry. This model may be used as a tool to better develop a strategic advantage over competing firms within an industry in a competitive and healthy environment. It identifies five forces that determine the long-run profitability of a market or market segment Power of suppliers An industry that produces goods requires raw materials. This leads to buyer-supplier relationships between the industry and the firms that provide the raw materials. Depending on where the power lies, suppliers may be able to exert an influence on the producing industry. They may be able to dictate price and influence availability. A segment is unattractive when an organizations suppliers have the ability to: Increase prices without suffering from a decrease in volume Reduce the quantity supplied Organize in a formal or informal manner Compete in an environment with relatively few substitutes Provide a product/material that is a critical part of the end product or service Impose switching costs on their customers when they depart Integrate downstream by purchasing or controlling the distribution channels. Power of buyers The power of buyers describes the impact customers have on an industry. When buyer power is strong, the relationship to the producing industry becomes closer to what economists term a monopsony. A Monopsony is a market where there are many suppliers and one buyer. Under these market conditions, the buyer has the most influence in determining the price. The bargaining power of buyers increases when they have the ability to: Be organized in some form with others providing similar products and services Purchase a product that represents a significant fraction of the buyers costs Buy a product that is undifferentiated Incur low switching costs when they change vendors Be price sensitive, with other options available Integrate upstream, to purchase the providers of the goods. Barriers to entry/exit The possibility of new firms entering the industry impacts competition. A key is to assess how easy it is for a new player to enter an industry. The most attractive segment has high entry barriers and low exit barriers. The definable characteristics of each industry protect profitable areas for firms and inhibit additional rivals from entering the market. These inhibitive characteristics are referred to as barriers to entry. Barriers to entry are unique characteristics to each industry. They reduce the rate of entry of new firms and, therefore, maintain a level of profits for current industry competitors. Barriers to entry can be created or exploited to enhance a firms competitive advantage. Barriers to exit work similarly to barriers to entry, Exit barriers limit the ability of a firm to leave the market and can exacerbate rivalry unable to leave the industry, a firm must compete. Substitute products Porters Five Forces model refers to substitute products as those products that are available in other industries that meet an identical or similar need for the end user. As more substitutes become available and affordable, the demand becomes more elastic since customers have more alternatives. Substitute products may limit the ability of firms within an industry to raise prices and improve margins. Rivalry Firms strive to secure a competitive advantage over their rivals. The intensity of rivalry varies within each industry and these differences can be important in the development of strategy. For example, the intensity of rivalry is increased by the following industry characteristics: Numerous competitors that are particularly strong or aggressive that are competing for the same customers and resources Declining sales revenues and volumes resulting in slow market growth, creating the need to actively fight for market share High fixed costs result in an economy of scale effect High storage costs or highly perishable products Plant capacity is being added, over and above what is needed to meet demand Low switching costs for buyers Low levels of product differentiation Strategic stakes are high when a firm is losing market position or has potential for great gains High exit barriers place a significant cost on abandoning the product. Discuss and Propose Segmentation Criteria to be used for any of two products of the above company in different markets (Pass) Market Segmentation: -Market segmentation divides market into smaller units that can be reached more efficiently and effectively. Market segmentation is divided into four groups. Geographic Segmentation Geographic segmentation is dividing the market into different geographical groups e.g. countries, regions, cities, towns etc World region or country (Europe, Middle East, India, china, Pakistan) Demographic Segmentation Demographic segmentation is dividing the market into groups based on variables such as age, gender, family size, family life cycle, income occupation, education, religion and nationality. Age: -Consumer needs and wants change with age. Companies offer different products for different age groups e.g. Johnsons baby lotion for kids, play stations for teen ages etc Gender: -Gender segmentation is dividing the market into different groups based on gender e.g. clothes for males and females etc Income: -Income segmentation is dividing the market into different income groups. Marketers produce products and services for different income segmented groups such as automobile industry, boats, clothings etc Psychographic Segmentation Psychographic segmentation is dividing a market into different groups based on social class life style or personality characteristic. Behavioral Segmentation Behavioral segmentation is dividing a market into groups based on consumer knowledge, attitude, uses (potential users/non users) or their response to a product. Occasions Is dividing the market into groups according to occasion when buyers get the idea to buy, actually make their purchase or use the purchased item e.g. orange juice is most often consumed at break fast but orange juice manufacturers have promoted drinking orange juice as a cool and refreshing drink at other times of the day. DOMINOS PIZZA The bottom of the pizza, called the crust, may vary widely according to style thin as in a typical hand-tossed pizza , or thick as in a typical pan pizza or deep pan pizza It is traditionally plain, but may also be seasoned with garlic, or herbs, or stuffed with cheese. In Dominos, pizza can be baked in an oven above the heat source, an electric deck oven, a conveyor belt oven or, in the case of more expensive restaurants, a wood- or coal-fired oven. On deck ovens, the pizza can be slid into the oven on a long paddle, called a peel, and baked directly on the hot oven or baked on a screen (a round metal grate, typically aluminum). Another option is grilled pizza in which the crust is baked directly on a barbecue grill. Each ingredient used in the pizzas has a different value and a different need and all these ingredients are value added features. This differentiates dominos from other local pizza parlors in Pakistan. Demographic Segmentation: Age: Attracts children (6-15), teenagers and young adults (16-22), and general adults. Family aspect is the basis of dominos. It got strong aspects about families visiting it. Income: Income Level: This is also an important variable on which segmentation can be carried out. People belonging to the lower income groups can not afford to buy dominos pizza will target that segment whose income puts them in the upper middle and higher income groups. Social Class: dominos caters to the upper- upper middle to middle upper social class. Occasions: Birthday Parties, Get together. SERVICE Free delivery and take away counters have eased that service that dominos offers. This changes the outlook and satisfies customers demands on time. Overall if we see, the differentiation is all on quality and hygiene and this provides the best value for the customers money. A benefit of the hygienic factor and deliciousness is the quality that dominos has offered through out. Psychographic Segmentation: Life StyleSocial Class: Buyers are divided into different groups based on social class and life style. Many consumers live a simple life style and belong to lower and middle class; they dont spend on buying pizza. So dominos should target that segment living a high class life and can afford to buy pizza. Behavioral Segmentation: Occasion: The other segment can be of regular occasions, which includes parties and get together. Foreigners: This can be an important segment for dominos because those who come from abroad are very brand conscious. DOMINOS SANDWICHES Dominos Sandwiches are a widely popular type of lunch food, typically taken to work or school, or picnics to be eaten as part of a packed lunch. They generally contain a combination of salad vegetables meat, cheese, and a variety of sauces or savoury spreads. The bread can be used as it is, or it can be coated with any condiments to enhance flavor and texture. They are widely sold in dominos outlets. Geographic Segmentation: Regions: Commonly people prefer to eat sandwich. So dominos can segment the market on the basis of people taste. Cities: Consumption of sandwiches is more in the large cities as compared to the small cities or town due to various factors such as income and education level. dominos should focus more on making its sandwiches available in the cities where people are willing and able to buy. Demographic Segmentation: Age: dominos can easily target various age groups. The most important of these groups are children and young peoples. For children it can introduce club sandwiches with additional nutritional contents such as cheese and minerals. For older people it already has salad sandwiches . A smaller segment can be of the people who are aging. These people can be convinced that the sandwiches will help their diet remain healthy (especially women). Gender: It will be very beneficial to target working women and men. If they are convinced that the sandwiches will be good for their health during working hour specially in tight working schedule. Income and occupation: People will buy sandwiches when they have enough monetary resources. Dominos should target people in the higher income groups. People with blue collar jobs can be targeted by telling them that the sandwiches will help them in their daily routine. Life cycle stage can also be important because families with younger kids will want to buy sandwiches. Psychographic segmentation: Social class and life style: People belonging to the higher social classes tend to spend more on luxuries as compared to people in the lower classes. Such people can be easily targeted as they are very health conscious. dominos can urge these people (along with diet conscious) to buy their line of diet sandwiches. Discuss any two factors which influence the choice of targeting strategy (Pass) Target Market Selection Target marketing tailors a marketing mix for one or more segments identified by market segmentation. Target marketing contrasts with mass marketing, which offers a single product to the entire market. Two important factors to consider when selecting a target market segment are the attractiveness of the segment and the fit between the segment and the firms objectives, resources, and capabilities. Attractiveness of a Market Segment The following are some examples of aspects that should be considered when evaluating the attractiveness of a market segment: Size of the segment (number of customers and/or number of units) Growth rate of the segment Competition in the segment Brand loyalty of existing customers in the segment Attainable market share given promotional budget and competitors expenditures Required market share to break even Sales potential for the firm in the segment Expected profit margins in the segment Market research and analysis is instrumental in obtaining this information. For example, buyer intentions, sales force estimates, test marketing, and statistical demand analysis are useful for determining sales potential. The impact of applicable micro-environmental and macro-environmental variables on the market segment should be considered. Suitability of Market Segments to the Firm Market segments also should be evaluated according to how they fit the firms objectives, resources, and capabilities. Some aspects of fit include: Whether the firm can offer superior value to the customers in the segment The impact of serving the segment on the firms image Access to distribution channels required to serve the segment The firms resources vs. capital investment required to serve the segment The better the firms fit to a market segment and the more attractive the market segment, the greater the profit potential to the firm. Target Market Strategies There are several different target market strategies that may be followed. Targeting strategies usually can be categorized as one of the following: Single-segment strategy: -Is also known as a concentrated strategy. One market segment (not the entire market) is served with one marketing mix. A single-segment approach often is the strategy of choice for smaller companies with limited resources. Selective specialization: -This is a multiple-segment strategy which is also known as a differentiated strategy. Different marketing mixes are offered to different segments. The product itself may or may not be different in many cases only the promotional message or distribution channels vary. Product specialization: -The firm specializes in a particular product and tailors it to different market segments. Market specialization: -The firm specializes in serving a particular market segment and offers that segment an array of different products. Full market coverage: -The firm attempts to serve the entire market. This coverage can be achieved by means of either a mass market strategy in which a single undifferentiated marketing mix is offered to the entire market, or by a differentiated strategy in which a separate marketing mix is offered to each segment. Discuss how buyer behavior affects marketing activities in different situations in light of the assigned companies (Pass) Buyer Behavior In addition to understanding the needs of your customers, you also need to understand what motivates them to purchase, and how you can influence the buying process to ensure that your products or services are on the shopping list. Understanding your customers will help you to develop and distribute your product, as well as getting the right price point and developing successful promotional activities. The psychology of the buying process has been widely studied, and no matter what size your business, knowledge of this process can help you become more successful. Both businesses and consumers exhibit patterns of buying behavior. The business model is less open to debate as your business customers will almost certainly have some formalized process of buying in place. Your task is to understand the process and match your marketing activities to the different stages of the process. This means that the customer will receive the right kind of contact at the right time. Marketing in Dominos: Marketing is based on the principle of customer satisfaction. This is the foundation for the environmental marketing approach of dominos. Environmental product claims in advertising, promotional material and on packaging are in accordance with legal requirements, based on solid scientific evidence and used in a serious and reasonable manner. Their aim is to minimize wastage in communication, publicity and promotional material, in particular through more precise targeting of marketing activities. Consumer promotions and merchandising material such as consumer offers, in store promotions, display material, leaflets, printed matter, etc. take environmental aspects into account. This means due consideration of environmental impact in selecting both materials and printing methods. In distribution, energy efficient and pollution controlled methods are encouraged wherever possible. The attractiveness of ads may attract consumers Strong brand image also help in attracting customers that influence their buying behavior. Quality of product its price packaging also influence buyers behavior The distribution channels, the placement of products also influence the behavior. 3.1 Describe how products are developed to sustain competitive advantages . Now a days technology is improving so as baking and heating ovens will be of new and efficient technology and will provide efficient service. Due to new technology there are new ways of marketing like internet; telemarketing and the organization can advertise their products with much more faster pace. Computer based customer data that is MIS (managing information system) helps in collecting customer data, daily transactions, future forecasting and decision making. New vehicles will make their service more efficient. Dominoz pizza is the market leader in providing different products of pizzas as there are many competitors in this sector. There good image makes the organization more strong. Dominoz pizza is providing good taste, quality products with qualified staff, good atmosphere and hygienic environment. They are specialized in pizzas. Motivation level of staff is very high which make the organization more prosperous. They are ISO (International Standard Organization) certified. They have enough resources for operating different activities of the organization. They are providing free home delivery service. Another big Strength and even a Competitive Advantage is the fact that they have a full service restaurant as well as delivery services. Most of Dominoz pizzas competitors do not have restaurants. Because of the restaurant, Dominoz pizza can market too many different segments that other pizza chains cannot. However, the fact that Dominoz pizza does have a restaurant to run is also a weakness. Dominoz pizza has higher overhead costs, due to the restaurant that other competitors dont have to deal with. Another result of higher overhead costs is higher prices Dominoz pizza must charge. Obviously, Dominoz pizza is not the low cost producer. They rely on their quality pizza and good service to account for their higher prices. They are providing less range of products comparatively with high prices. They are more focused on Western taste instead of Eastern. New markets can be explored and new opportunities they can gain. Dominoz pizza can come up with the new products considering the Eastern taste of the people as like McDonalds . Diversification of new products can increase their market share. They can reduce their prices because of more resources. 3.2 Explain how distribution is arranged to provide customer convenience Distribution It refers to the best place to offer program. That is the place where it is located and through what channels are we distributing programs and the competitive advantage lies in distribution. The Dominoz pizza islamabad is situated in blue area.. Secondly the catchment area is of a specified minimum size and within a given drive time to the site. Distribution The type of distribution channel used by Dominoz pizza is the direct channel. The direct channel is successful when there is an extremely large market that is geographically dispersed. The direct channel is also useful when there are a large number of buyers, but a small amount purchased by each. Dominoz pizza uses three different methods of selling its products directly to the market. The first method of distribution used by Dominoz pizza is Home. Office delivery. Customers can call Dominoz pizza ahead of time, place an order, and the order is delivered to the customers home. Another method of distribution is for customers to dine-in. Customers can go to the nearest Dominoz pizza, place an order and either leave with the order or eat at the restaurant. One of Dominoz pizzas largest competitive advantages is its restaurant style facility. Dominoz pizza offers a clean place to sit down and enjoy the variety of pizzas, salads, and sandwiches in a fun, family atmosphere. The third method of distribution is to order Online. Selective County Customers can now go on the Internet and place an order for Pizza. This method is useful because it allows customers to view the entire menu, download any special coupons, and order without having to disclose any credit card numbers. 3.3 Explain how prices are set to reflect an organizations objective and market conditions. Pricing Strategy The level of competition a business faces determines its pricing strategy. Sometimes a business has the scope to set its price and sometimes a business cannot. When a business has the scope to set its price there is a number of pricing strategies or policies it might choose. As there are no such competitors of Dominoz pizza which could compete with the quality of pizza produced at Dominoz pizza, therefore, the pricing strategy adopted by Dominoz pizza is market skimming. Dominoz pizza has adopted this pricing strategy as they want to hold maximum share of the market by maximum profit. This is a golden era for Dominoz pizza, as there are no competitors and hence, Dominoz pizza is free to charge any price they want. They are charging higher prices due to the uniqueness of the product. They satisfy the target market as the food quality is worth the price paid. The pricing strategy is not just to get the worth of quality but also to gain maximum profits before any competitor enters becau se then Dominoz pizza will have to change its pricing strategy. Although the prices would be lowered with the new entrants in the market but not to a greater extent as the quality food products are not home-produced. They are imported from different countries keeping in view the best Quality. 3.4 Illustrate how promotional activity is integrated to achieve marketing objectives Promotional Activity This forced competitors to look for new methods of increasing their customer bases. Many pizza chains decided to diversify and offer new non-pizza items such as Buffalo wings, and Italian cheese bread. The current trend in pizza chains today is the same. They all try to come up with some newer, bigger, better, pizza for a low price. Offering special promotions and new pizza variations are popular today as well. For example, chicken is now a common topping found on pizzas. In the past, Dominoz pizza has always had the first mover advantage. Their marketing strategy in the past has always been to be first. One of their main strategies that they still follow today is the diversification of the products they offer. Dominoz pizza is always adding something new to their menu, trying to reach new markets. For example, in 1992 the famous buffet was launched in Dominoz pizza restaurants worldwide. They were trying to offer many different food items for customers who didnt necessarily want pizza. Another strategy they used in the past and are still using is the diversification of their pizzas. Dominoz pizza is always trying to come up with some innovative way to make a pizza into something slightly different different enough that customers will think its a whole new product. For example, lets look at some of the pizzas Dominoz pizza has marketed in the past. In 1989, Dominoz pizza introduced their Pan Pizza, which had a guarantee of being ready to eat in 5 minutes when dining at Dominoz pizza restaurants. In 1994, they introduced the Bigfoot, which was two square feet of pizza cut into 21 slices. In 1995, they introduced Stuffed Crust Pizza, where the crust would be filled with cheese. In 1997, they marketed The Edge, which had cheese and toppings all the way to the edge of the pizza. Currently, they are marketing The Big New Yorker, trying to bring the famous New York style pizza to the whole country. 3.5 Analyze the additional elements of the extended marketing mix People The employees in Dominoz pizza have a standard uniform and Dominoz pizza specially focuses on friendly and prompt service to its customers from their employees. The employees are part time workers and full time workers (not a policy). The aprons of the employees distinguish them as Dominoz pizza workers. Process The food manufacturing process at Dominoz pizza is transparent and hidden (the whole process is not visible to the customers). Physical Evidence Dominoz pizza focuses on clean and hygienic interiors of its outlets and at the same time the interiors are attractive and the Pizza maintains a proper etiquette at its joints. The design, furnishing, lighting, layout and decoration of the Pizza chain as well as the appearance and attitudes of its employees will influence customer perceptions of the service quality and experiences. Now another component of the service experience can be the Eviction Model which illustrates the various invisible and visible factors which influence the customers experience. 4.1 Recommend marketing mixes for two different segments in consumer markets Segmentation Main segments which Dominoz pizza has captured are the combination of higher incomes and dual career families , due to higher income consumer have more disposable income , allowing them to eat out more often . Dominoz pizza holds the most market share in the Pizza industry, the perceived quality and service of the company will help to ensure a better the average chance at a successful introduction of a new product. The introduction of a product that keeps with today trends is also important to reduce the risk of failure. Dominoz pizza maximum market segment is younger generations. These generation ranges from 12 to 30, the overall spending of these generations is mostly on non essential items, the higher amount of spending has been done on eating out.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Essay

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is classified as an anxiety disorder that can develop after an individual has observed and/or experienced an extreme traumatic event that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury to one’s self or another (APA, 2000). An extreme traumatic event can include, but is not limited to, military combat, terrorist attacks, natural or manmade disasters, sexual assault, physical assault, robbery, and torture (APA, 2000). The type of traumatic event could influence the way in which medical and mental health care professionals assess, conceptualize, and subsequently treat the individuals with a PTSD diagnosis. For this reason, sexual assault, as the traumatic event that led to the development of a PTSD diagnosis, will be the focus of discussion. The current statistics on sexual assault exemplify the need to focus on this particular population. For example: every two minutes, someone in the United States is sexually assaulted, and each year there are about 213, 000 survivors of sexual assault (RAINN, 2009). The purpose of this paper, then, is to explore how cognitive-behavioral therapies assess, conceptualize, and treat clients with a sexual assault history and a PTSD diagnosis. Treatment Components of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy The treatment components of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) that are typically utilized in the treatment for PTSD include psychoeducation, prolonged exposure and/or in vivo exposure, cognitive restructuring, and anxiety management (Harvey, Bryant, & Tarrier, 2003). Psychoeducation Psychoeducation includes providing the client with information about the common symptomology that may be experien... ... conceptualize, and treat clients with a sexual assault history and a PTSD diagnosis. The sexual traumatic event, experienced by the client, may elicit negative PTSD-related cognitions that are perpetuated by avoidant behavior. Prolonged exposure, in vivo exposure, and cognitive restructuring can challenge and correct such negative cognitions and avoidant behaviors. Psychoeducation can provide information, as well as a rationale about therapy, whereas anxiety management training can provide coping skills to engage in exposure and cognitive restructuring interventions. In general, cognitive-behavioral therapies can provide the means by which to assess, conceptualize, and treat clients, and has also shown to be efficacious (Dobson, 2010; Dobson & Dobson, 2009; Foa et al., 1999; Foa & Rauch, 2004; Harvey, Bryant, & Tarrier, 2003; McDonagh et al., 2005; Roman, 2010).

Implications of Lifelong Learning

Harmonizing to the European Commission 2010 ‘the graduated table of current economic and societal alteration, the rapid passage to a cognition based society and demographic force per unit areas ensuing from an ageing population in Europe are all challenges which demand a new attack to instruction and preparation within the model of Lifelong Learning. ‘ This essay will analyze how Lifelong Learning has impacted Distance Education whilst turn toing the contested nature of the construct. An effort will be made to summarize and bring forth accounts for the enlargement of Distance Education. An analysis of the benefits and drawbacks will be made with mention to current Distance Education enterprises. A focal point on Government policy and sentiments towards Distance instruction will besides be identified. Lifelong Learning is a contested and debatable construct and there are different positions of Lifelong Learning. A Progressive position believes that larning should be enriching to the person, leting changeless acquisition of new accomplishments and cognition to develop a individuals head. ‘Policy shapers and faculty members progressively argue that we are larning from the minute we are born, to be in the universe, to take our topographic point in society and adapt to alter as we pass through the different phases in our life. ‘ ( Dfee:1998 ) Others believe Lifelong Learning must keep the position quo whilst concentrating on ‘higher order ‘ acquisition. An instrumentalist position shows that employers want Lifelong Learning to suit to their concern and let them to vie in a planetary society. It can be argued that the Government promote Lifelong Learning in an effort to mend the bing instruction and developing systems and to reconstruct the economic system. Distance Education is rapidly going the most popular signifier of larning outside compulsory instruction. Distance instruction is a sub subdivision of Lifelong Learning as it promotes big instruction. ‘Distance instruction and developing consequence from the technological separation of instructor and scholar which frees the pupil from the necessity of going to a fixed topographic point, at a fixed clip, to run into a fixed individual in order to be trained. ‘ ( Valentine:1995 ) Distance Education is a manner of instruction that facilitates flexibleness of topographic point and handiness of clip. Rather than go toing day-to-day categories in colleges and universities Distance Education classs can be studied at place in a individual ‘s free clip. This allows people to prosecute Lifelong Learning whilst holding a household and fulltime calling. Distance Education started with correspondence survey and has expanded well as engineering has developed. ‘As computing machine engineering became prevailing in concern, the print based correspondence classs progressed to computing machine based preparation, which included simulations and finally synergistic class content that provided participant feedback and enhanced larning. ‘ ( Gaymer,2005 ) Educators and employers so invested in telecommunication equipment that distributed developing programmes to their pupils and employees. These synergistic telecasting programmes allowed employers and pedagogues to link to the scholars from across the state. The huge enlargement of the cyberspace has created the current assortment of distance acquisition which is on-line acquisition. The Distance Education motion started in the 20th century, as a consequence of a more industrialized society. There are legion environmental issues that are seting force per unit area on society to set about Lifelong Learning these include, ‘the abundant entree to information, rapid engineering alterations, increased planetary interactions, industry displacements, every bit good as increasing entry degree certificates and accomplishment demands. ‘ ( Gaymer, 2005 ) These factors collaborate in demanding people to invariably upgrade their accomplishments and cognition which can be done flexibly when taking a Distance Learning class. Distance Education gives grownups the chance to re-train in a field they are more interested in or derive a recognized making if they did non get one first clip about. Distance Learning besides allows people to come on in the workplace without go forthing full clip work as the class can be studied at place, in the pupils ain clip. It can be argued that it was Thatcherism that foremost encouraged society to take portion in Lifelong Learning and Distance Education. She greatly enforced the political orientation of taking duty for 1s self and it is the mistake of the person instead than society if a individual does non acquire involved in a skilled work force. Lifelong Learning, societal exclusion and the encouragement of larning are regarded as important by the current Conservative Government. The continuance of acquisition is regarded as necessary for the economic fight of a planetary society, the development of citizenship and increase engagement in a democratic society. Contemporary political relations such as the consecutive Labour Government introduced a assortment of Distance Learning enterprises in response to the demand for Lifelong Learning which creates an progressively educated society. The Union Learning Fund is an enterprise which offers fiscal aid to merchandise brotherhoods to promote larning at work. ‘ & A ; lb ; 34 million over three old ages has been allocated for undertakings runing from basic accomplishments to go oning professional development. ‘ ( Anonymous.2010 ) There is besides UNISON which is an ‘informal grownup larning programme that has broadened rank engagement in womb-to-tomb acquisition, increased battle in workplace preparation, public policy and citizenship and helped ease paths into the brotherhood ‘s ain constructions. ‘ ( Barker, 1998 ) The Open University, Oxford Online and Learn Direct are Government backed enterprises that provide reputable establishments which allow people to derive recognized makings. The largest University in the universe is the Open University with 250,000 pupils enrolled. The Open University offers classs from & A ; lb ; 115 which contrasts to the traditional classs offered by Universities and Colleges get downing from & A ; lb ; 300. In an progressively competitory, employment environment it is overriding for people to invariably develop their accomplishments and cognition. These establishments allow people to go on there instruction on a flexible degree which develops the persons cognition, enhances career chances and facilitates concerns to vie in a planetary society. Businesss are progressively valuing Distance Education in the chase for Lifelong Learning as they require their employees to be updated with the accomplishments and cognition needed to vie in a planetary economic system. Many of the universe ‘s administrations, both public and private, are promoting Lifelong Learning with regard to distance instruction as they believe that distance educational classs are mandatory in organizational fight. ‘India has created a new industry as an outsource locale for client service which creates client service developing chances in India. Korean makers have a solid history of placing corporate and educational spouses that satisfy their organisational educational demands. ‘ ( Gaymer,2005 ) Employers depend on go oning instruction in the signifier of Distance Education as a tool for guaranting a extremely skilled and knowing work force. The employer now has the ability to develop a big figure of staff in a short period of clip. They can ‘meet specialized demands which generic developing programmes do non fulfill. ‘ ( Rowntree,1994 ) .Online Courses are well cheaper than traditional schoolroom based survey. If the employer was non able to let go of the employee from work, the applier can analyze online in their ain clip. Companies that used distance acquisition identified, higher base on balls rates, line trough satisfaction, better keeping of information and increased chance for publicity. The employers besides reported fiscal betterments in 70 % of subdivisions, reduced client ailments and mistake rates in industry was down by 3 % . ( Rowntree,1994 ) It can be deduced from these findings that a little disbursal to the company by paying for distance instruct ion creates an copiousness of other benefits. Most instruction establishments such as Colleges and Universities now provide some signifier of Distance Education. As a consequence of a ‘reduction in public sector support, establishments now need to bring forth their ain capital from the private sector, in order to keep fiscal viability and to bring forth excesss for investing in new developments, markets and substructure. ‘ ( Anoymous,2007 ) Universities have responded to the alteration in the market as a consequence of Lifelong Learning and really few Universities offer no signifier of Distance Education. The benefits of Distance Education with respects to the suppliers include, cutting contact hours on bing classs and geting more usage out of bing installations. Supplying new chances for staff and catering for a greater figure of scholars without a proportionate addition in cost. Distance Education besides caters for a new type of scholar and exploits new beginnings of support. ( Rowtree:1994 ) Students choose Distance Education classs for, ‘job sweetening, upward calling mobility and personal enrichment. ‘ ( Bradley:2000 ) The benefits of set abouting a Distance Education class include increased entree. A figure of specialized classs are non available at some establishments so the pupil may hold to travel a great distance in order to finish the class if they chose the traditional schoolroom based survey. ‘Short modular bundles and accreditation of anterior acquisition may intend that scholars do non necessitate to pass clip and money on subjects they are already familiar with. ‘ ( Tait,1992 ) Private acquisition and anon. confab room treatments allows diffident students to set forward their thoughts without experiencing uncomfortable which may be the instance in a face to confront state of affairs in a schoolroom environment. There is more pick of what the single wants to larn and how they want to be assessed in distance instruction. It is besides a rgued that distance instruction classs offer a better quality of learning than conventional classs and supply single tutoring online. Despite the ample sum of benefits environing the field of distance instruction it can be argued that there are negative elements within this signifier of Lifelong larning. Increasingly classs are predisposed by industrial developments. Little accent is placed on what would profit the person ‘s personal cognition. ‘Those who wield economic power in society are improbable to promote critical, non-conformist thought. ‘ ( Stephenson,2001 ) It is argued that some signifiers of Distance Education facilitate censoring. There is grounds to propose that employers will merely fund those classs that have a direct consequence on increasing capital within the concern, irrespective of what is considered as utile to the employee. Government funded larning Centres and libraries are being affected by the popularity of on-line acquisition. Peoples are now acquiring their stuffs online, which means the smaller establishments are having fewer financess and in some instances are being s hut down. It is indispensable that the scholar is ‘self actuating, self directing and comparatively self sufficient ‘ ( Hogson:1993 ) in order to win in this type of Lifelong Learning. The hereafter of Distance Education looks set to be more advanced than it is today, ‘the abundant entree of information, rapid engineering alterations, increased planetary interactions, industry displacements every bit good as increasing entry degree certificates and accomplishment demands ensures that distance instruction will stay a valuable resource for directors in the hereafter. ‘ ( Gaymer.2005 ) There is an overpowering involvement in Lifelong Learning and technological developments along with limited clip, assures that larning will go on to be adaptable to the person. Learning progressively needs to suit to the pupils calling and place life due to clip restraints and competitory working environments. ‘The turning planetary economic system will go on to drive the development of larning activities that span geographical parts and clip zones leting persons around the universe to join forces and larn together. ‘ ( Mulhearn,2010 ) Lifelong Learning is a contested and debatable construct, different administrations have diverse positions as to what Lifelong Learning should embrace. Employers rely on Distance Education to make a knowing work force, following modern inventions which invariably need updating in order to vie globally. Educational Institutions rely on Distance Education to supply excess capital as the current Conservative Government is cutting funding in the instruction sector. Persons need to progressively prosecute in Distance Education to develop self cognition, take part in a competitory working environment and to heighten calling chances. Lifelong Learning, societal exclusion and the encouragement of larning are regarded as important by the current Conservative Government. Whilst Distance Education is viewed positively, there are negative elements to this assortment of larning. Increasingly classs are predisposed by industrial developments and minor accent is placed on what would profit the pers on ‘s personal cognition. Lifelong Learning can be interpreted ideologically in a assortment of ways, there is the publicity of personal development, inclusion and equality of chance in society. This type of womb-to-tomb acquisition is personally honoring for the participants, nevertheless there is no direct economic benefit. Alternatively there is a more instrumental attack that emphasises larning for economic benefit. This assortment of Lifelong larning focal points on employability, productiveness and efficiency.

Terrorist Attack

Terrorist Attack The terrorist attacks on September 11th have repeatedly been related to Pearl Harbor. In many ways, the analogy is apparent. Just as that attack initiated us into World War II, the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon have initiated us into a new kind of war, against terrorism. But starting this sort of borderless war holds great risks, not only to the armed forces commanded to fight but also to core national values. In this way, Pearl Harbor brings other distressing memories, those of the internment.Similar to the explosions on the East Coast, the bombing of Pearl Harbor on 12-7, devastated our beliefs of national security. How could this have taken place? Average individuals, famous journalists, and government officials soon started criticizing at the Japanese in America. Viewing these "Orientals" as terminally foreign, speaking foreign languages, effect foreign cultures, active foreign religions (Shinto, Buddhism), American society could not differentiate between the Empire of Japan and Americans of Japanese crash.United StatesAs General DeWitt, in charge of the Western Defense Command, put it, "A Jap's a Jap." As government reports quickly to the wrapping up that Japanese Americans aided and supported the attack, the wheels of the internment machinery began revolving.On February 19, 1942, President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, which approved armed forces in the Western U.S. to issue no matter what orders were essential for national security. Although provoked by DeWitt's threateningly titled "Final Recommendation" for mass internment, the Order suitably made no declaration of race or ethnicity. In March, Congress criminalized insubordination of military rules issued pursuant to the executive order. By December, an well-organized, powerful military had determined nearly all Japanese on the West Coast into ten isolated camps, encircled by barbed wire and armed sentries. All this without the...

Language Functions in English

Language Functions in English A language function explains why someone says something. For example, if you are teaching a class youll have to give instructions. Giving Instructions is the language function. Language functions then require certain  grammar. To use our example, giving instructions requires the use of the imperative. Open your books.Insert the DVD into the drive.Purchase your ticket online. There is a wide range of language functions. Here are examples of guessing, expressing wishes and persuading- all language functions.   Guessing He might be busy today.She must be at work if shes not at home.Maybe shes got a new boyfriend! Expressing Wishes I wish I had five million dollars!If I could choose, Id buy the blue car.  Id like to have a steak, please.   Persuading I think youll find our product is the best you can buy.Come on, lets go have some fun! What can it hurt?If you give me a moment, I can explain why we should do this deal. Thinking about which language function youd like to use helps you learn phrases used to accomplish these tasks. For example, if you want to make a suggestion youll use these phrases: How about ...Lets ...Why dont we ...Id suggest we ... Using Language Function in Your Learning Its important to learn correct grammar such as the tenses, and when to use relative clauses. However, if you think about it, its probably just as important to know why you want to say something. What is the purpose? What is the language function? Teaching Language Functions Teaching language functions can lead to confusion at times as its common to use a wide range of grammatical structures for each function. For example, when expressing wishes students might use the present simple (I want ...), conditional sentences (If I had the money, I could ...), the verb wish for past and present wishes (I wish I had a new car / I wish she had come to the party), and so on. When teaching, its best to mix language functions with grammar. Provide functional language as students are ready to learn. In the example above, using I wish I could go to the party will likely confuse lower level students. On the other hand, Id like to go to the party or I want to go to the party is appropriate for lower level classes.   Generally speaking, the more advanced a student becomes the more they will be able to explore language and improve increasingly subtle functional demands. Heres a short overview of some of the most important language functions by level. Students should be able to accomplish each task by the end of the course. Naturally, students should also master language functions of lower levels: Beginning Level Expressing likesDescribing people, places, and thingsAsking yes / no and information questionsComparing people, places, and thingsOrdering food in a restaurantExpressing abilities Intermediate Level Making predictionsComparing and contrasting people, places, and thingsDescribing spatial and time relationsRelating past eventsExpressing opinionsShowing preferences  Making suggestionsAsking for and giving adviceDisagreeing  Asking for a favor Advanced Level Persuading someoneGeneralizing about topicsInterpreting dataHypothesizing and speculatingSummarizing  Sequencing a presentation or speech Grammar-Based Learning or Function-Based Learning? Some courses try to focus on only functional based English. However, I find these courses fall short as the focus is often on NOT speaking about grammar. Unfortunately, students need explanations. Focusing only on function can turn into an exercise of just memorizing specific phrases for specific situations. Mixing the two gradually as students improve their understanding of the underlying grammar will help students put appropriate phrases into use to obtain their functional goals.

Price and Demand in the UK Tennis Tournament Essay

Price and Demand in the UK Tennis Tournament - Essay Example The intervention of this situation has both negative and positive consequences. For instance, the set price from the government’s perspective is a positive factor that can enable it to control and regulate the average prices in order to achieve a given level of market output. Moreover, this will enable consumers to afford the prices because of their relative low nature (Taylor, 2008). However, this intervention will help create a black market for illegal transactions resulting from the technique of first comes, first to be served because scrupulous individuals will access the tickets in advance with the aim of selling them later in the black markets at high prices for profit. For instance, according xxx the price of a ticket in the black market is around $379.12, which is higher by about $273.76 of their actual price in the market. Therefore from the society’s point of view, this is a negative consequence which increasing the standard of living (Banerjee & Duflo, 2011). In addition, this intervention and development of the black market will have negative repercussions on the general economy. Firstly, it will result to underestimation of the gross domestic product (GDP) and national income of the UK. Therefore, because of this the government cannot be able to determine the real status of the economy in order to establish correct policies aimed at improving the standards of living for its citizens. Secondly, the rise of the black market can create employment opportunities for the local people.

An Unforgettable Experiences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

An Unforgettable Experiences - Essay Example Watching a movie together is always fun, we sat holding hands, watching each other more than the movie. He said, After dinner, we went to the Johns bull store so that he would buy me a gift of my choice. This is the quality I value most about him, his acceptance. He never ever imposes his choice on me, be it clothes, or the movie we are going to watch or anything else. He always puts me first and then thinks about himself, what else could I ask for? Seriously, I never expected him to propose me, even though we are going around for some years and we enjoy each other’s company a lot. But whatever happens, happens for good, so, I thanked god in my heart for such a pleasant surprise. Hence, in order to mark this day I chose a promise ring for my self and a David Yurman jewelry set. We walked together hand in hand towards the car both of our hearts full with love and hope. Although I still couldn’t believe he proposed to me, really proposed? We never talked about it before. â€Å"He is going to set up a new branch in Paris as an expansion of his business, and he needs someone whom he can trust, to help him. He has even promised me that if I gain a good understanding about the branch’s operations and management he may make me the manager.† That was the last sentence I spoke that night. He held me while I continued to shed my tears on his shoulder. He assured me that everything will be alright and we can hope for a bright and beautiful future ahead. Then he took my hand and kissed the promise ring, which I was wearing and told me to have faith in our love. In this way, my birthday which has stared with a note of happiness and hope, ended with a note of promise and faith. And now, I can never forget that day, as the memory inspires me to keep going, with faith and makes me strong. Our love grows with each passing day and each passing